Quote: "Chemical defense is a strategy employed by many organisms to avoid consumption by producing toxic or repellent metabolites or chemical warnings which incite defensive behavioral changes."
Chemical Defense involves the protection against chemical agents that are harmful to human beings, animals, and the environment.
Quote: "The production of defensive chemicals occurs in plants, fungi, and bacteria, as well as invertebrate and vertebrate animals."
Quote: "The class of chemicals produced by organisms that are considered defensive may be considered in a strict sense to only apply to those aiding an organism in escaping herbivory or predation."
Quote: "However, the distinction between types of chemical interaction is subjective and defensive chemicals may also be considered to protect against reduced fitness by pests, parasites, and competitors."
Quote: "Repellent rather than toxic metabolites are allomones, a subcategory signaling metabolites known as semiochemicals."
Quote: "Many chemicals used for defensive purposes are secondary metabolites derived from primary metabolites which serve a physiological purpose in the organism."
Quote: "Secondary metabolites produced by plants are consumed and sequestered by a variety of arthropods."
Quote: "Toxins found in some amphibians, snakes, and even birds can be traced back to arthropod prey."
Quote: "There are a variety of special cases for considering mammalian antipredatory adaptations as chemical defenses."
Quote: Not explicitly mentioned in the paragraph.
Quote: Not explicitly mentioned in the paragraph.
Quote: "Repellent rather than toxic metabolites are allomones, a subcategory signaling metabolites known as semiochemicals."
Quote: "The production of defensive chemicals occurs in plants, fungi, and bacteria, as well as invertebrate and vertebrate animals."
Quote: "Defensive chemicals may also be considered to protect against reduced fitness by pests, parasites, and competitors."
Quote: "Secondary metabolites derived from primary metabolites serve a physiological purpose in the organism."
Quote: "Secondary metabolites produced by plants are consumed and sequestered by a variety of arthropods."
Quote: Not explicitly mentioned in the paragraph.
Quote: Not explicitly mentioned in the paragraph.
Quote: "Defensive chemicals may also be considered to protect against reduced fitness by pests, parasites, and competitors."
Quote: "Chemical warnings incite defensive behavioral changes."