"Hepatology is the branch of medicine that incorporates the study of liver, gallbladder, biliary tree, and pancreas as well as management of their disorders."
A study of the liver and its role in the digestive system, including an overview of common liver disorders such as hepatitis, cirrhosis, and liver cancer.
Anatomy and Physiology of Liver: This topic covers the basic structure, function, and location of the liver in the human body. It describes how the liver works to detoxify, store and metabolize substances such as bile, glucose, and amino acids.
Hepatitis: Hepatitis refers to the inflammation of the liver caused by viral infections or certain medications, toxins, or autoimmune diseases, etc. This topic covers the different types of hepatitis, including hepatitis A, B, C, D, and E, and their respective symptoms, transmission routes, treatments, and complications.
Cirrhosis: Cirrhosis is a chronic liver condition that causes irreversible scarring of the liver tissue. This topic covers the causes, symptoms, diagnosis, treatments, and complications of this disease, including liver cancer, portal hypertension, and ascites, among other things.
Liver Cancer: Liver cancer is a type of cancer that originates in the liver or spreads to the liver from other parts of the body. This topic covers the different types of liver cancer, including hepatocellular carcinoma, cholangiocarcinoma, and metastatic liver cancer, and their respective causes, symptoms, diagnosis, treatment options, and prognosis.
Liver Transplantation: Liver transplantation is a surgical procedure that involves replacing a diseased or damaged liver with a healthy liver from a donor. This topic covers the various indications, eligibility criteria, evaluation process, surgical techniques, and outcomes of liver transplantation, along with post-operative care and management.
Metabolic Liver Disorders: Metabolic liver disorders refer to a group of inherited conditions that affect the liver's ability to process certain substances such as amino acids, fatty acids, and sugars, leading to the buildup of toxic metabolites. This topic covers the common metabolic liver disorders, including Wilson's disease, Hemochromatosis, Alpha-1 antitrypsin deficiency, and glycogen storage diseases, among others.
Non-alcoholic Fatty Liver Disease (NAFLD): NAFLD is a common liver condition that affects people who do not consume excessive amounts of alcohol, but who have a buildup of fat in the liver. This topic covers the causes, risk factors, symptoms, diagnosis, treatment options, and complications of this disease.
Alcoholic Liver Disease (ALD): ALD refers to a range of liver conditions caused by excessive alcohol consumption, including fatty liver, alcoholic hepatitis, and cirrhosis. This topic covers the pathophysiology, clinical manifestations, diagnosis, and management of ALD, along with prevention and early intervention strategies.
Autoimmune Liver Diseases: Autoimmune liver diseases refer to a group of disorders in which the body's immune system mistakenly attacks healthy liver tissue, resulting in chronic inflammation and damage. This topic covers the different autoimmune liver diseases, including autoimmune hepatitis, primary biliary cirrhosis, and primary sclerosing cholangitis, and their respective causes, symptoms, diagnosis, treatment options, and complications.
Pediatric Hepatology: Pediatric Hepatology refers to the study of liver conditions that affect children from birth to adolescence. This topic covers the unique aspects of liver disorders in children, including the etiology, clinical manifestations, diagnosis, treatment, and prognosis of congenital and acquired liver diseases.
Hepatitis A: An acute viral infection of the liver caused by the Hepatitis A virus.
Hepatitis B: A viral infection that attacks the liver and can cause both acute and chronic disease.
Hepatitis C: A viral infection that causes liver inflammation and leads to liver damage.
Autoimmune Hepatitis: A chronic disease in which the body's immune system attacks the liver.
Primary Biliary Cholangitis (PBC): A chronic autoimmune disease that damages the bile ducts in the liver.
Primary Sclerosing Cholangitis (PSC): A chronic disease in which the bile ducts inside and outside the liver become inflamed and scarred.
Nonalcoholic Fatty Liver Disease (NAFLD): An accumulation of fat in the liver that is not caused by alcohol consumption.
Alcoholic Liver Disease: A range of liver diseases caused by excessive alcohol consumption.
Liver Cancer: A type of cancer that originates in the liver.
Cirrhosis: A chronic liver disease in which normal liver tissue is replaced by scar tissue.
Wilson's Disease: An inherited disorder that causes too much copper to accumulate in the liver and other organs.
Hemochromatosis: A hereditary disorder that causes iron to accumulate in the liver and other organs.
Alpha-1 Antitrypsin Deficiency: A genetic disorder that can cause liver disease and lung disease.
Budd-Chiari Syndrome: A rare condition caused by obstruction of the hepatic veins.
Drug-Induced Liver Injury: Liver damage caused by certain medications or drugs.
"Diseases and complications related to viral hepatitis and alcohol are the main reason for seeking specialist advice."
"More than two billion people have been infected with hepatitis B virus at some point in their life."
"Approximately 350 million have become persistent carriers."
"Up to 80% of liver cancers can be attributed to either hepatitis B or hepatitis C virus."
"In terms of mortality, the former is second only to smoking among known agents causing cancer."
"With more widespread implementation of vaccination and strict screening before blood transfusion, lower infection rates are expected in the future."
"The number of people with cirrhosis and other related complications is commensurately increasing."
"The study of liver, gallbladder, biliary tree, and pancreas."
"Doctors specializing solely on this area are called hepatologists."
"Diseases related to viral hepatitis and alcohol."
"Approximately 350 million have become persistent carriers [of hepatitis B]."
"Up to 80% of liver cancers can be attributed to either hepatitis B or hepatitis C virus."
"Lower infection rates are expected in the future."
"The former [hepatitis B] is second only to smoking among known agents causing cancer."
"Overall alcohol consumption is increasing, and consequently the number of people with cirrhosis and other related complications is commensurately increasing."
"Although traditionally considered a sub-specialty of gastroenterology..."
"More than two billion people have been infected with hepatitis B virus at some point in their life."
"Up to 80% of liver cancers can be attributed to either hepatitis B or hepatitis C virus."
"Rapid expansion has led in some countries to doctors specializing solely on this area, who are called hepatologists."