- "Public health is 'the science and art of preventing disease, prolonging life and promoting health through the organized efforts and informed choices of society, organizations, public and private, communities and individuals'."
Application of epidemiological knowledge to public health practice and policy making.
Introduction to Public Health: An overview of the field of public health including its history, populations, and the role of public health practitioners in maintaining public health.
Epidemiology: An introduction to the basic principles and concept of epidemiology including measures of disease frequency, association & causation, epidemiological study design, and biostatistics.
Biostatistics: An introduction to statistical concepts required for analyzing and interpreting public health data.
Public Health Law and Ethics: An introduction to legal and ethical principles and considerations that govern public health practice and policy.
Health and Social Justice: Exploring the political, social, and economic determinants of health and the social factors that contribute to health disparities and inequities.
Health Promotion and Disease Prevention: An overview of strategies used to promote health and prevent disease including primary, secondary, and tertiary interventions.
Social Behavioral Health: Exploring the role of social and behavioral determinants in health and illness including community-based interventions, health communications, and social marketing.
Environmental and Occupational Health: An introduction to environmental and occupational health issues and the roles of public health in assessing, mitigating, and preventing health hazards.
Health Data Science: An introduction to data science techniques and methods applied to health-related datasets, including managing and processing large data, data cleaning, and predictive modeling.
Global Health: Exploring global health problems, policies, and practices with a focus on global health inequalities and the role of global health intervention.
Health Services and Management: An overview of the organization, management, and delivery of health services, including health systems, quality improvement, and health policies.
Public Health Emergency Preparedness and Response: An introduction to preparedness and response for public health emergencies, including best practices during pandemics, disaster management, and bioterrorism.
Health Economics: Exploring the economics of healthcare, including health insurance, medical cost, and the cost-effectiveness of public health interventions.
Research Methods: An introduction to research methods used in public health, including data collection, sampling, and designing public health studies.
Public Health Leadership and Management: Developing leadership and management skills necessary for public health practice and policy development, including communication and advocacy, decision-making, engaging community members, and public relations.
Infectious Disease Epidemiology: This type of epidemiology deals with identifying infectious diseases and controlling their spread in the population. It involves surveillance, outbreak investigation, and control strategies such as vaccination, isolation, and treatment.
Chronic Disease Epidemiology: This type of epidemiology focuses on the prevention, control, and management of chronic diseases such as heart disease, cancer, diabetes, and stroke. It involves analyzing risk factors and developing interventions to prevent and manage chronic diseases.
Environmental Epidemiology: This type of epidemiology investigates the risk factors associated with environmental exposures such as air pollution, toxic substances, and food contamination. It involves assessing environmental exposures and their health effects, developing interventions to prevent exposure and mitigate its health effects.
Behavioral Epidemiology: This type of epidemiology examines the role of behavior in the onset and progression of diseases, including mental health disorders. It involves understanding the factors that influence behavior and designing interventions to promote healthy behavior.
Occupational Epidemiology: This type of epidemiology examines the relationship between work and health, including occupational exposures and hazards. It involves identifying occupational hazards, assessing their impact on health, and developing interventions to prevent or reduce exposures.
Reproductive and Perinatal Epidemiology: This type of epidemiology focuses on understanding the health outcomes of pregnancy, childbirth, and the neonatal period. It involves assessing risk factors, monitoring maternal and fetal health, and developing interventions to improve pregnancy outcomes.
Genetic Epidemiology: This type of epidemiology investigates the role of genetic factors in disease occurrence and progression. It involves identifying genetic variants that influence disease, understanding their mechanisms of action, and developing interventions to prevent or treat genetic diseases.
Social Epidemiology: This type of epidemiology examines how social factors such as poverty, racism, and education influence health outcomes. It involves understanding the social determinants of health, identifying health disparities, and developing interventions to reduce them.
- "Analyzing the determinants of health of a population and the threats it faces is the basis for public health."
- "Epidemiology, biostatistics, social sciences and management of health services are all relevant."
- "Other important sub-fields include environmental health, community health, behavioral health, health economics, public policy, mental health, health education, health politics, occupational safety, disability, oral health, gender issues in health, and sexual and reproductive health."
- "Public health, together with primary care, secondary care, and tertiary care, is part of a country's overall healthcare system."
- "Common public health initiatives include promotion of hand-washing and breastfeeding, delivery of vaccinations, promoting ventilation and improved air quality both indoors and outdoors, suicide prevention, smoking cessation, obesity education, increasing healthcare accessibility, and distribution of condoms to control the spread of sexually transmitted diseases."
- "There is a significant disparity in access to health care and public health initiatives between developed countries and developing countries, as well as within developing countries."
- "In developing countries, public health infrastructures are still forming. There may not be enough trained healthcare workers, monetary resources, or, in some cases, sufficient knowledge to provide even a basic level of medical care and disease prevention."
- "A major public health concern in developing countries is poor maternal and child health, exacerbated by malnutrition and poverty coupled with governments' reluctance in implementing public health policies."
- "Great Britain became a leader in the development of public health initiatives, beginning in the 19th century, due to the fact that it was the first modern urban nation worldwide."
- "The public health initiatives that began to emerge initially focused on sanitation (for example, the Liverpool and London sewerage systems), control of infectious diseases (including vaccination and quarantine) and an evolving infrastructure of various sciences, e.g. statistics, microbiology, epidemiology, sciences of engineering."