- "Surgery is a medical specialty that uses manual and/or instrumental techniques to physically reach into a subject's body."
Understanding of the diagnosis and management of critical illnesses, including cardiac arrest or respiratory failure, in the postoperative period.
Anatomy and physiology: Understanding the structure and function of organs and systems in the human body is crucial for providing critical care.
Pharmacology: Medications are often necessary in critical care settings to manage pain, sedation, and other symptoms. A basic understanding of drugs, their uses, and side effects is essential.
Hemodynamics: The study of blood flow, pressure, and volume in the circulatory system is important for managing shock and heart failure.
Respiratory physiology: Understanding how the lungs function and how respiration is controlled is essential for managing mechanical ventilation and other respiratory therapies.
Cardiac physiology: Knowledge of the heart's function, rhythm abnormalities, and management of cardiac arrest is necessary for critical care physicians.
Renal physiology: Understanding kidney function is vital for managing acute kidney injury, fluid and electrolyte imbalances, and other common critical care conditions.
Neurological physiology: Knowledge of the brain and nervous system is necessary for managing stroke, traumatic brain injury, seizures, and other neurologic conditions.
Infection management: Prevention and treatment of infectious diseases is critical in the ICU, and clinicians must be knowledgeable in identifying and managing infections.
Trauma management: Understanding the principles of trauma care is essential for managing critically ill patients who have suffered injuries.
Fluid and electrolyte management: Understanding fluid and electrolyte balance is necessary for managing critically ill patients with dehydration, electrolyte imbalances, and acid-base disturbances.
Nutrition support: Proper nutrition is vital for critically ill patients, and clinicians must understand the principles of nutrition support.
Ethics: Ethical issues often arise in critical care settings, and clinicians must be knowledgeable in identifying and addressing ethical dilemmas.
Palliative care: Managing symptoms, providing comfort measures, and end-of-life management are important aspects of critical care that clinicians should be knowledgeable in.
Surgical Intensive Care Unit (SICU): A critical care unit where patients who have undergone surgery are monitored post-operation for complications.
Trauma Intensive Care Unit (TICU): A critical care unit specifically for patients who have suffered severe injuries, such as those resulting from car accidents or other traumatic events.
Cardiac Intensive Care Unit (CICU): A critical care unit for patients who have undergone heart surgery or who have acute heart conditions, such as heart attacks or arrhythmias.
Neurological Intensive Care Unit (NICU): A critical care unit for patients who have suffered a neurological injury, such as a stroke or head trauma.
Pediatric Intensive Care Unit (PICU): A critical care unit specifically for children who require intensive care for various medical conditions.
Burn Intensive Care Unit (BICU): A critical care unit for patients who have suffered severe burns and require specialized care to manage their injuries.
Medical Intensive Care Unit (MICU): A critical care unit for patients with severe medical conditions, such as sepsis, liver or kidney failure, or respiratory distress.
Transplant Intensive Care Unit (TICU): A critical care unit for patients who have undergone organ transplantation and require close monitoring during the post-operative period.
Oncology Intensive Care Unit (OICU): A critical care unit for cancer patients who require intensive care for complications related to their cancer or cancer treatments.
Cardiothoracic Intensive Care Unit (CTICU): A critical care unit for patients who have undergone major cardiothoracic surgeries, such as heart or lung transplants.
- "in order to investigate or treat pathological conditions such as a disease or injury."
- "to alter bodily functions (e.g. bariatric surgery such as gastric bypass)."
- "to improve appearance (cosmetic surgery)."
- "to remove/replace unwanted tissues (body fat, glands, scars or skin tags) or foreign bodies."
- "The subject receiving the surgery is typically a person (i.e. a patient), but can also be a non-human animal (i.e. veterinary surgery)."
- "The act of performing surgery may be called a surgical procedure or operation, or simply surgery."
- "The adjective surgical means pertaining to surgery; e.g. surgical instruments, surgical facility, or surgical nurse."
- "Most surgical procedures are performed by a pair of operators: a surgeon who is the main operator performing the surgery, and a surgical assistant who provides in-procedure manual assistance during surgery."
- "A surgical team that typically consists of the surgeon, the surgical assistant, an anesthetist, a scrub nurse, a circulating nurse, and a surgical technologist."
- "All surgical procedures are considered invasive and often require a period of postoperative care (sometimes intensive care) for the patient to recover from the iatrogenic trauma inflicted by the procedure."
- "The duration of surgery can span from several minutes to tens of hours depending on the specialty, the nature of the condition, the target body parts involved, and the circumstance of each procedure."
- "most surgeries are designed to be one-off interventions that are typically not intended as an ongoing or repeated type of treatment."
- "In common colloquialism, the term 'surgery' can also refer to the facility where surgery is performed."
- "in British English, simply the office/clinic of a physician, dentist, or veterinarian."