"Renal physiology is the study of the physiology of the kidney."
Study of the role and functions of the kidneys in regulating bodily fluids, including filtration, absorption, and secretion.
Renal anatomy: It involves the study of the kidney's structure, location, and the various tissues that make up the kidney.
Urinary system: This refers to the system of organs, including the kidneys, ureters, bladder, and urethra, responsible for the production and elimination of urine.
Kidney filtration: Filters the blood to remove waste products, excess water, and electrolytes through the glomerulus.
Kidney reabsorption: The process by which the kidneys reabsorb essential nutrients, such as glucose, amino acids, and minerals that the body needs.
Kidney secretion: The process by which the kidneys remove excess or undesired substances from the blood and excrete them in the urine.
Nephron: The functional unit of the kidney that performs the process of filtration, reabsorption, and secretion.
Renal blood flow: The amount of blood that is pumped through the kidneys each minute, which determines the efficiency of kidney function.
Urine formation: Refers to the process by which the kidneys produce urine through filtration, reabsorption, and secretion.
Electrolyte balance: The regulation of electrolytes such as sodium, potassium, and calcium in the body, which is vital for kidney function.
Acid-base balance: The regulation of pH in the body, which is necessary for maintaining kidney function and overall health.
Renal failure: The progressive loss of kidney function that can lead to complications in other organs and body systems.
Diuretics: Drugs that increase urine output and are used to treat conditions such as hypertension, congestive heart failure, and edema.
Dialysis: The process of artificially filtering waste products and excess fluids from the blood, used to treat kidney failure.
Renal transplantation: The surgical procedure of replacing a damaged or diseased kidney with a healthy kidney from a donor.
Filtration: The kidneys filter blood to remove waste products, excess water, and electrolytes.
Reabsorption: The filtered substances that the body needs, like glucose, amino acids and water, are reabsorbed back into the bloodstream.
Secretion: Additional waste products and excess ions, like potassium and hydrogen ions, are secreted into urine.
Production of hormones: Kidney produces hormones like erythropoietin, which stimulates the production of red blood cells, and renin which regulates blood pressure.
Acid-base balance: The kidneys regulate the pH of the blood by regulating the reabsorption and secretion of protons and bicarbonate ions.
Fluid balance: The kidneys help maintain the balance of fluids in the body by regulating the amount of water reabsorbed into the bloodstream.
Detoxification: The kidneys also help in the detoxification process by eliminating toxic substances from the body.
"This encompasses all functions of the kidney, including maintenance of acid-base balance; regulation of fluid balance; regulation of sodium, potassium, and other electrolytes; clearance of toxins; absorption of glucose, amino acids, and other small molecules; regulation of blood pressure; production of various hormones, such as erythropoietin; and activation of vitamin D."
"Much of renal physiology is studied at the level of the nephron, the smallest functional unit of the kidney."
"Each nephron begins with a filtration component that filters the blood entering the kidney."
"The major functions of these lining cells are the reabsorption of water and small molecules from the filtrate into the blood, and the secretion of wastes from the blood into the urine."
"Proper function of the kidney requires that it receives and adequately filters blood."
"A global assessment of renal function is often ascertained by estimating the rate of filtration, called the glomerular filtration rate (GFR)."
"Glomerular filtration rate (GFR) is the rate of filtration."
"A renal corpuscle is composed of a glomerulus and a Bowman's capsule."
"This filtrate then flows along the length of the nephron, which is a tubular structure lined by a single layer of specialized cells."
"The reabsorption of water and small molecules from the filtrate into the blood."
"The secretion of wastes from the blood into the urine."
"Renal physiology (Latin rēnēs, 'kidneys')"
"Production of various hormones, such as erythropoietin."
"Regulation of blood pressure."
"A global assessment of renal function is often ascertained by estimating the rate of filtration, called the glomerular filtration rate (GFR)."
"Regulation of sodium, potassium, and other electrolytes."
"Activation of vitamin D."
"Absorption of glucose, amino acids, and other small molecules."
"A renal corpuscle is composed of a glomerulus and a Bowman's capsule."