"Endocrinology is a branch of biology and medicine dealing with the endocrine system, its diseases, and its specific secretions known as hormones."
Study of the structure and function of the endocrine system.
Hormones: Chemical messengers that regulate various biological processes in the body.
Endocrine glands: Glands that secrete hormones into the bloodstream.
Hormone receptors: Proteins on target cells that bind to hormones and initiate a response.
Feedback loops: Mechanisms that regulate hormone secretion based on the body's needs.
Hypothalamus-pituitary axis: The complex regulatory system that controls several endocrine glands.
Adrenal gland anatomy and function: The gland responsible for the production of stress hormones, as well as sex hormones.
Thyroid gland anatomy and function: The gland responsible for producing hormones that regulate metabolism.
Pancreatic hormone regulation: The hormones responsible for regulating blood glucose levels.
Reproductive endocrinology: The study of hormones that regulate sexual development and reproduction.
The menstrual cycle: The cyclical changes in hormone levels that regulate menstruation in females.
Endocrine disruptors: Environmental chemicals that interfere with hormonal signaling and can disrupt normal physiological processes.
Diabetes: A condition characterized by impaired insulin secretion or action, leading to elevated blood glucose levels.
Obesity: A complex disorder associated with endocrine dysfunction, particularly in the regulation of appetite and metabolism.
Hormonal therapies: Medications that manipulate endocrine signaling to treat various conditions, such as hypothyroidism, diabetes, and hormone-sensitive cancers.
Endocrine-related diseases: A broad category of medical conditions that arise from abnormalities in endocrine function, including thyroid disorders, pituitary tumors, and adrenal insufficiency.
Diabetes: A disorder characterized by high blood sugar levels due to the body's inability to produce insulin or use it effectively.
Thyroid conditions: A group of disorders that affect the thyroid gland, leading to overproduction or underproduction of thyroid hormones.
Adrenal gland disorders: Conditions affecting the adrenal glands, responsible for the production of hormones such as cortisol and adrenaline.
Pituitary conditions: Diseases affecting the pituitary gland in the brain, which controls the body's hormone levels, including growth hormones.
Parathyroid conditions: Disorders that affect the function of the parathyroid gland, which regulates calcium and phosphate levels in the blood and bones.
Gonadal disorders: Conditions affecting the reproductive organs, such as the ovaries in females and the testes in males, leading to hormonal imbalances.
Metabolic disorders: Conditions that impact the regulation of metabolism, including disorders of lipid and protein metabolism, and metabolic disorders such as obesity.
Growth hormone disorders: Disorders that affect the production and secretion of the human growth hormone, which regulates growth and development in children and adults.
Pituitary tumors: Uncontrolled growth of the pituitary gland, which can cause a variety of hormonal imbalances.
Neuroendocrine disorders: A group of disorders affecting the nervous system and endocrine system, including neuroendocrine tumors, which produce excess hormones in the body.
Hyperthyroidism: A condition characterized by an overactive thyroid gland, leading to increased metabolism, weight loss, and other symptoms.
Hypothyroidism: A condition characterized by an underactive thyroid gland, leading to decreased metabolism, weight gain, and other symptoms.
Cushing's syndrome: A hormonal disorder caused by prolonged exposure to high levels of the hormone cortisol, leading to weight gain, high blood pressure, and other symptoms.
Addison's disease: A disorder caused by a lack of cortisol and other hormones produced by the adrenal glands, leading to fatigue, weakness, and other symptoms.
Polycystic ovary syndrome (PCOS): A hormonal disorder affecting women that causes ovarian cysts, irregular periods, and other symptoms.
"It is also concerned with the integration of developmental events proliferation, growth, and differentiation, and the psychological or behavioral activities of metabolism, growth and development, tissue function, sleep, digestion, respiration, excretion, mood, stress, lactation, movement, reproduction, and sensory perception caused by hormones."
"Specializations include behavioral endocrinology and comparative endocrinology."
"The endocrine system consists of several glands, all in different parts of the body, that secrete hormones directly into the blood rather than into a duct system."
"Therefore, endocrine glands are regarded as ductless glands."
"Hormones have many different functions and modes of action; one hormone may have several effects on different target organs, and, conversely, one target organ may be affected by more than one hormone."
"...metabolism, growth and development, tissue function, sleep, digestion, respiration, excretion, mood, stress, lactation, movement, reproduction, and sensory perception caused by hormones."
"One hormone may have several effects on different target organs, and, conversely, one target organ may be affected by more than one hormone."
"Endocrine glands secrete hormones directly into the blood rather than into a duct system."
"Endocrinology is concerned with the integration of developmental events proliferation, growth, and differentiation."
"Behavioral endocrinology is one of the specializations within endocrinology."
"Comparative endocrinology is another specialization within endocrinology."
"Biology and medicine are the two main components of endocrinology."
"Endocrinology is concerned with the psychological or behavioral activities of metabolism caused by hormones."
"Endocrinology focuses on tissue function influenced by hormones."
"Hormones play a role in digestion and its related activities."
"Mood is one of the psychological or behavioral activities affected by hormones."
"Processes such as sleep, respiration, excretion, lactation, movement, reproduction, and sensory perception are influenced by hormones."
"Stress is one of the psychological or behavioral activities influenced by hormones."
"Hormones play a role in the proliferation, growth, and differentiation during development."