Quote: "Globalization, or globalisation (Commonwealth English; see spelling differences), is the process of interaction and integration among people, companies, and governments worldwide."
The increasing interconnectedness of countries and cultures through trade, communication, and technology.
Definition and concepts of globalization: Understanding the definition, factors and various perspectives of globalization, and how it affects postcolonial literature.
Historical developments in globalization: Tracing the historical development of globalization, particularly from the colonial era to the present, and exploring its impact on different parts of the world.
Economic globalization: Analyzing the impact of globalization on economic structures and systems, including trade, investment, labor mobility, and financial systems.
Cultural globalization: Examining the impact of globalization on cultural and social practices, values, identities, and languages.
Political globalization: Exploring the impact of globalization on political structures and political relations between nations, states, and international organizations.
Environmental globalization: Analyzing how globalization has affected the global environment, including issues such as climate change, biodiversity, and sustainable development.
Global governance and institutions: Examining the role of international organizations and governance mechanisms in shaping globalization, including the United Nations, World Trade Organization, and World Bank.
Global inequalities and human rights: Assessing the impact of globalization on global inequalities, including poverty, inequality, and access to basic human rights and services.
Postcolonialism and globalization: Understanding how postcolonial theories and literature relate to globalization, particularly in terms of the power relations between the Global North and South.
Resistance to globalization: Exploring the different forms of resistance to globalization, including grassroots activism, cultural resistance, and political movements.
Economic globalization: The spread of capitalism and free-market principles across the world, leading to increased trade and investment between countries.
Cultural globalization: The diffusion of cultural traits, norms, and values across borders, leading to the creation of a global cultural marketplace.
Political globalization: The emergence of global political institutions and the creation of a universal political culture, leading to the formation of a global citizenry.
Technological globalization: The rapid spread of technology, particularly communication technologies like the Internet, leading to an increasingly interconnected world.
Environmental globalization: The spread of environmental problems, such as climate change and pollution, beyond national boundaries, leading to a need for global solutions.
Legal globalization: The harmonization of legal systems across borders, leading to the creation of a global legal order.
Social globalization: The spread of social movements and ideas across borders, leading to the creation of a global civil society.
Health globalization: The spread of diseases and health-related problems across borders, leading to a need for global health solutions.
Educational globalization: The spread of educational systems and ideas across borders, leading to greater intercultural understanding and knowledge exchange.
Linguistic globalization: The increasing use and spread of English as a global language, leading to the formation of a global language market.
Quote: "The term globalization first appeared in the early 20th century... and came into popular use in the 1990s to describe the unprecedented international connectivity of the post-Cold War world."
Quote: "Advances in transportation, like the steam locomotive, steamship, jet engine, and container ships, and developments in telecommunication infrastructure such as the telegraph, the Internet, mobile phones, and smartphones, have been major factors in globalization."
Quote: "Globalization is primarily an economic process of interaction and integration that is associated with social and cultural aspects."
Quote: "This increase in global interactions has caused a growth in international trade and the exchange of ideas, beliefs, and culture."
Quote: "However, disputes and international diplomacy are also large parts of the history of globalization and of modern globalization."
Quote: "Large-scale globalization began in the 1820s, and in the late 19th century and early 20th century drove a rapid expansion in the connectivity of the world's economies and cultures."
Quote: "In 2000, the International Monetary Fund (IMF) identified four basic aspects of globalization: trade and transactions, capital and investment movements, migration and movement of people, and the dissemination of knowledge."
Quote: "Globalizing processes affect and are affected by business and work organization."
Quote: "Academic literature commonly divides globalization into three major areas: economic globalization, cultural globalization, and political globalization."
Quote: "Removal of cross-border trade barriers has made the formation of global markets more feasible."
Quote: "Though many scholars place the origins of globalization in modern times, others trace its history to long before the European Age of Discovery and voyages to the New World, and some even to the third millennium BCE."
Quote: "Advances in transportation and developments in telecommunication infrastructure have been major factors in globalization and have generated further interdependence of economic and cultural activities around the globe."
Quote: "The term global city was subsequently popularized by sociologist Saskia Sassen in her work The Global City: New York, London, Tokyo (1991)."
Quote: "Globalizing processes affect and are affected by... sociocultural resources."
Quote: "Economically, globalization involves goods, services, data, technology, and the economic resources of capital."
Quote: "Globalizing processes affect and are affected by... migration and movement of people."
Quote: "Its origins can be traced back to 18th and 19th centuries due to advances in transportation and communications technology."
Quote: "In 2000, the International Monetary Fund (IMF) identified four basic aspects of globalization..."
Quote: "The expansion of global markets liberalizes the economic activities of the exchange of goods and funds."