- "Language acquisition is the process by which humans acquire the capacity to perceive and comprehend language, as well as to produce and use words and sentences to communicate."
How learning two languages simultaneously or sequentially affects language acquisition and development.
First Language Acquisition: This is the ability of children to learn their first language naturally without formal instruction or explicit instruction.
Second Language Acquisition: This refers to the process of acquiring a second language after one has already acquired their first language.
Language Development: This concerns the progression in which a language is acquired, including the acquisition of phonology, syntax and semantics.
Bilingualism: This refers to individuals who speak two languages, either at the same level of fluency or proficiency.
Multilingualism: This refers to individuals who speak more than two languages.
Critical Period Hypothesis: This states that there is a specific period in which language learning and acquisition is most efficient.
Input Hypothesis: This suggests that language acquisition happens when learners are exposed to input that is just slightly above their current level of comprehension.
Social Interaction Theory: This asserts that language acquisition occurs through social interactions in which learners are exposed to communicative and social situations.
Cognitive Theories of Language Acquisition: This suggests that language acquisition is a result of cognitive processes, including attention, perception, memory and problem-solving.
Code-Switching: This refers to the practice of switching between languages within a conversation or utterances.
L1 Transfer: This refers to the translation of the first language to the second language and can lead to errors in acquisition.
Language Teaching Methodology: This concerns the various methods and approaches used to teach a second language, including immersion, grammar-translation, audiolingual and communicative language teaching.
Heritage Language Acquisition: This refers to the process of acquiring a language that is spoken in one's family and community, but not the language of the country they reside.
Language Policy and Planning: This refers to the development and implementation of policies that relate to language acquisition, maintenance, use and promotion.
Language Testing and Assessment: This concerns the evaluation of language proficiency and can be used for diagnostic, placement, and evaluation purposes.
Language Processing: This concerns the cognitive processes involved in comprehension and production of language, including phonology, grammar, and semantics.
Language Contact and Variation: This refers to the influence of contact between different languages and dialects on language acquisition, use and development.
Language Acquisition and Cognitive Development: This concerns the relationship between language acquisition and the cognitive development of learners.
Bilingual Education: This concerns the approaches and methods used to teach content in two languages, including dual language, transitional bilingual education and heritage language programs.
Technology and Language Acquisition: This concerns the use of technology to enhance language learning, including language software, online resources, and mobile applications.
First language acquisition: This refers to the process of acquiring a person's first language or mother tongue. It usually starts at birth and progresses through early childhood.
Second language acquisition: This refers to the process of acquiring a second language after the first language is already established. This can happen at any age, but is generally most successful during childhood and adolescence.
Sequential bilingualism: This occurs when a person learns a second language after their first language is already developed. This can happen through exposure to a new language in a home or community setting, or through formal language instruction.
Simultaneous bilingualism: This occurs when a child is exposed to and learns two languages at the same time from birth. This happens most commonly in multilingual households.
Heritage language acquisition: This refers to the process of acquiring a language that is part of someone's cultural or ethnic heritage. This can happen in immigrant communities or when a language is passed down through generations in a family.
Naturalistic language acquisition: This occurs when a person learns a language through exposure to it in everyday life, often without formal instruction.
Classroom language acquisition: This refers to the process of learning a language through structured language instruction in a classroom setting, such as in a school or language course.
Intensive language acquisition: This occurs when a person learns a language quickly, often through intensive language instruction with a focus on rapid progress.
Immersion bilingualism: This occurs when a person is fully immersed in a language and culture, often through living in a country where the language is spoken or attending an immersion program.
Additive bilingualism: This refers to the process of learning a second language without losing proficiency or use of the first language. This is often seen as a positive form of bilingualism, as it allows individuals to benefit from the advantages of being bilingual.
- "The capacity to use language successfully requires one to acquire a range of tools including phonology, morphology, syntax, semantics, and an extensive vocabulary."
- "Human language capacity is represented in the brain."
- "Even though human language capacity is finite, one can say and understand an infinite number of sentences, which is based on a syntactic principle called recursion."
- "These three mechanisms are: relativization, complementation, and coordination."
- "Speech perception always precedes speech production, and the gradually evolving system by which a child learns a language is built up one step at a time."
- "The distinction between individual phonemes is the initial step in language acquisition."
- "Language acquisition usually refers to first-language acquisition, which studies infants' acquisition of their native language, whether that be spoken language or signed language."
- "It refers to an infant's simultaneous acquisition of two native languages."
- "First-language acquisition deals with the acquisition of the native language, while second-language acquisition involves acquiring additional languages."
- "In addition to speech, reading, and writing a language with an entirely different script compounds the complexities of true foreign language literacy."
- "Linguists who are interested in child language acquisition have for many years questioned how language is acquired."
- "The question of how these structures are acquired, then, is more properly understood as the question of how a learner takes the surface forms in the input and converts them into abstract linguistic rules and representations."
- "Language acquisition involves structures, rules, and representation."
- "Language can be vocalized as in speech, or manual as in sign."
- "Language acquisition involves acquiring phonology, morphology, syntax, semantics, and an extensive vocabulary."
- "Even though human language capacity is finite, one can say and understand an infinite number of sentences."
- "These three mechanisms are: relativization, complementation, and coordination."
- "Speech perception always precedes speech production in first-language acquisition."
- "Language acquisition is one of the quintessential human traits."