"Perception is the organization, identification, and interpretation of sensory information in order to represent and understand the presented information or environment."
The way in which we perceive and interpret situations and events based on our cognitive biases and experiences.
Conceptualization: The process of forming abstract concepts and categories from sensory experience.
Prototype Theory: The idea that categories have a central, prototypical member that is more representative of the category than other members.
Metaphor: The use of one concept to understand or explain another concept.
Image Schemas: Basic cognitive structures that underlie human understanding of spatial and temporal relationships.
Mental Spaces: Different compartments that hold distinct conceptual representations that can interact with each other.
Blending Theory: The idea that we can create new, meaningful concepts by blending or integrating multiple ideas or domains.
Perspectivization: The process of taking a particular perspective or viewpoint on a situation, which affects how we conceptualize it.
Force Dynamics: The way in which we understand and describe the interactions between entities in terms of opposing forces (e.g. push vs. pull).
Frame Semantics: The idea that concepts are organized into mental frames, which provide a structure for understanding and interpreting experiences.
Cognitive Grammar: A theory of the relationship between language and thought, which emphasizes the importance of domain-specific constructions and grammatical patterns.
"All perception involves signals that go through the nervous system, which in turn result from physical or chemical stimulation of the sensory system."
"Vision involves light striking the retina of the eye."
"Smell is mediated by odor molecules."
"Hearing involves pressure waves."
"Perception is not only the passive receipt of these signals, but it is also shaped by the recipient's learning, memory, expectation, and attention."
"Sensory input is a process that transforms this low-level information to higher-level information (e.g., extracts shapes for object recognition)."
"A person's concepts and expectations (or knowledge), restorative and selective mechanisms (such as attention) influence perception."
"Perception depends on complex functions of the nervous system, but subjectively seems mostly effortless because this processing happens outside conscious awareness."
"Since the rise of experimental psychology in the 19th century, psychology's understanding of perception has progressed by combining a variety of techniques."
"Psychophysics quantitatively describes the relationships between the physical qualities of the sensory input and perception."
"Sensory neuroscience studies the neural mechanisms underlying perception."
"Perceptual systems can also be studied computationally, in terms of the information they process."
"Perceptual issues in philosophy include the extent to which sensory qualities such as sound, smell, or color exist in objective reality rather than in the mind of the perceiver."
"There is still active debate about the extent to which perception is an active process of hypothesis testing, analogous to science, or whether realistic sensory information is rich enough to make this process unnecessary."
"The perceptual systems of the brain enable individuals to see the world around them as stable, even though the sensory information is typically incomplete and rapidly varying."
"Human and other animal brains are structured in a modular way, with different areas processing different kinds of sensory information."
"These different modules are interconnected and influence each other."
"For instance, taste is strongly influenced by smell."
"The study of illusions and ambiguous images has demonstrated that the brain's perceptual systems actively and pre-consciously attempt to make sense of their input."