"Linguistic typology (or language typology) is a field of linguistics that studies and classifies languages according to their structural features to allow their comparison."
The study of language universals and how languages differ structurally.
Definition of Typology: Typology is the study of the grammatical structures and features of different languages in the world. It involves the identification of similarities and differences between languages and the classification of these languages into types.
History of Typology: This topic involves the tracing of the development of typology as a field of study from its roots in the 19th century to the present day.
Theoretical Frameworks in Typology: This topic explores the different theoretical approaches used in typology, such as functional, generative, and cognitive linguistics.
Morphology: Morphology is the study of the structure of words, including their inflection, derivation, and formation. In typology, morphology is used to compare and contrast the morphological features of different languages.
Syntax: Syntax is the study of the structure of sentences and phrases. In typology, the focus is on comparing and contrasting the syntactic features of different languages.
Phonology: Phonology is the study of the sound system of a language. In typology, phonology is used to compare and contrast the sound systems of different languages.
Lexicon: The lexicon is the vocabulary of a language. In typology, the lexicon is used to compare and contrast the semantic features of different languages.
Semantic Typology: Semantic typology is the study of the ways in which languages categorize their meanings. It involves comparing and contrasting the semantic systems of different languages.
Syntactic Typology: Syntactic typology is the study of the ways in which languages structure their sentences. It involves comparing and contrasting the syntactic systems of different languages.
Word Order: Word order is the order in which words appear in a sentence. In typology, the focus is on comparing and contrasting the word order patterns of different languages.
Case Systems: A case system is a set of inflections that indicate the grammatical function of a noun in a sentence. In typology, case systems are used to compare and contrast the different ways in which languages mark case.
Verb Agreement: Verb agreement is where a verb changes its form to agree with the subject or object of the sentence. In typology, verb agreement is used to compare and contrast the different ways in which languages mark agreement.
Typological Universals: Typological universals are patterns that are found to be common across many different languages. In typology, the focus is on identifying and explaining these universal patterns.
Language Universals: Language universals are features of language that are found to be common across all languages. In typology, the focus is on identifying and explaining these universal features.
Language Typology and Language Change: This topic explores the relationship between language typology and language change. It looks at how typological features might affect the way languages evolve over time.
Morphological typology: It involves the study of the structure and formation of words and their relationship with other words in a language.
Syntactic typology: It involves the study of the structure and formation of phrases and sentences in different languages.
Phonological typology: It involves the study of the sound system of different languages, including the phonemes, phonetic features, and suprasegmental features.
Lexical typology: It involves the study of the vocabulary of different languages and the way in which words are formed, structured, and used in different contexts.
Semantic typology: It involves the study of the meaning of words and how different meanings are expressed in different languages.
Discourse typology: It involves the study of the organization and structure of connected speech or written text in different languages.
Grammaticalization typology: It involves the study of the process of language change through which words, phrases, and grammatical elements acquire new functions and become part of the grammar of a language.
Pragmatic typology: It involves the study of the way in which language is used in different social and cultural contexts and how it affects communication.
Language contact typology: It involves the study of the interaction between different languages and the process of language borrowing and creation of hybrid languages.
Historical typology: It involves the study of the evolution of languages over time and the relationship between different languages and language families.
"Its aim is to describe and explain the structural diversity and the common properties of the world's languages."
"Its subdisciplines include, but are not limited to phonological typology, which deals with sound features; syntactic typology, which deals with word order and form; lexical typology, which deals with language vocabulary; and theoretical typology, which aims to explain the universal tendencies."
"Linguistic typology is contrasted with genealogical linguistics on the grounds that typology groups languages or their grammatical features based on formal similarities rather than historic descent."
"The issue of genealogical relation is, however, relevant to typology because modern data sets aim to be representative and unbiased."
"Phonological typology, which deals with sound features."
"Syntactic typology, which deals with word order and form."
"Lexical typology, which deals with language vocabulary."
"Theoretical typology, which aims to explain the universal tendencies."
"Linguistic typology (or language typology) is a field of linguistics that studies and classifies languages according to their structural features to allow their comparison."
"Its aim is to describe and explain the structural diversity and the common properties of the world's languages."
"Linguistic typology is contrasted with genealogical linguistics..."
"Modern data sets aim to be representative and unbiased."
"Phonological typology deals with sound features."
"Syntactic typology deals with word order and form."
"Lexical typology deals with language vocabulary."
"Theoretical typology aims to explain the universal tendencies."
"Samples are collected evenly from different language families, emphasizing the importance of lesser-known languages in gaining insight into human language."
"Genealogical linguistics groups languages or their grammatical features based on historical descent."
"Samples are collected evenly from different language families."