"Ciphertext or cyphertext is the result of encryption performed on plaintext using an algorithm, called a cipher."
A message that has been encrypted or encoded.
Encryption Algorithms: Ciphers are mathematical algorithms which transform an original plaintext message into a secret ciphertext. Understanding the various types of ciphers, such as symmetric and asymmetric, and their strengths and weaknesses is critical for understanding cryptography.
Key Management: Encryption requires a key to both encrypt and decrypt the message. Maintaining the secrecy of the key is essential in ensuring the confidentiality of the message.
Cryptanalysis: The process of analyzing and breaking codes and ciphers. Understanding the methods used to crack a cipher helps in developing more effective encryption.
Cryptographic Protocols: The different protocols used to secure communication over the internet, such as SSL/TLS, PGP, SSH, and IPSec.
Hash Functions: Hash functions transform input data into a fixed-length output known as a hash. Understanding the security properties of hash functions is critical in designing secure cryptographic systems.
Digital Signatures: Digital signatures are cryptographic mechanisms that use public key cryptography to verify the sender of a message. This helps in ensuring the authenticity of a message.
Steganography: The art and science of concealing information within other data to avoid detection. This technique can be used to hide information inside images or audio files.
Quantum Cryptography: Quantum cryptography exploits quantum mechanics to achieve secure communication over an insecure channel.
Symmetric Key Cryptography: Symmetric key cryptography uses a single shared key for both encryption and decryption. The same key is used by both parties in the communication, so keeping the key secret is essential.
Asymmetric Key Cryptography: Asymmetric key cryptography uses a pair of keys, a public key and a private key, for encryption and decryption. The public key can be shared publicly, while the private key must be kept secret.
Side-channel Attacks: A side-channel attack exploits weaknesses in the implementation of a cryptographic system, such as power consumption, timing variations, or electromagnetic radiation, to extract sensitive information.
Differential Cryptanalysis: A technique used to analyze the security of cryptographic algorithms by finding differences in ciphertexts that correspond to differences in plaintexts.
Adaptive Chosen Ciphertext Attacks: An attack that involves sending carefully crafted ciphertexts to a system and analyzing the response to learn information about the system's secret keys.
Zero-Knowledge Proofs: A proof that allows one party to prove to another that they know a secret without revealing the secret itself.
Oblivious Transfer: A protocol that allows one party to transfer information to another without knowing which specific piece of information was transferred.
Substitution Cipher: This type of cipher substitutes each letter in the plaintext with another letter or symbol in the ciphertext. One common type of substitution cipher is the Caesar cipher, which shifts each letter by a certain number of positions in the alphabet.
Transposition Cipher: In a transposition cipher, the order of the characters in the plaintext is scrambled. This may involve rearranging the characters, reversing their order or shuffling them in some other way.
Polyalphabetic Cipher: A polyalphabetic cipher uses multiple substitution alphabets to encode the plaintext. This makes it more difficult for cryptanalysts to decode the message as each letter may be encoded using a different substitution alphabet.
Stream Cipher: A stream cipher generates a sequence of random elements and then combines this sequence with the plaintext to create the ciphertext. This type of cipher is used for streaming data encryption in real-time applications such as video conferencing.
Block Cipher: In a block cipher, the plaintext is divided into fixed-length blocks, and each block is encrypted separately. One common example of block cipher is the Advanced Encryption Standard (AES) which is widely used for data encryption.
Homomorphic Encryption: Homomorphic encryption allows computations to be performed on encrypted data without revealing the plaintext. This makes it possible to perform calculations on sensitive data without exposing it to malicious actors.
Quantum Cipher: Quantum cryptography uses the principles of quantum mechanics to encrypt data. This type of cipher relies on the uncertainty principle and the behavior of quantum particles to create a secure transmission channel.
Hash Function: A hash function is a mathematical function that takes input data and produces a fixed-sized output (hash). One common use of hash function is for verifying the integrity of data as any changes made to the data will result in different hash values.
One-Time Pad Cipher: A one-time pad cipher is a type of substitution cipher where a random one-time pad is used for encryption. This pad is used only once and then discarded, making it virtually unbreakable.
Visual Cipher: In a visual cipher, characters or symbols are hidden within an image, making the ciphertext appear to be a normal image. Examples of visual ciphers include steganography and barcode encryption.
"Ciphertext is also known as encrypted or encoded information because it contains a form of the original plaintext that is unreadable by a human or computer without the proper cipher to decrypt it."
"This process prevents the loss of sensitive information via hacking."
"Decryption, the inverse of encryption, is the process of turning ciphertext into readable plaintext."
"Ciphertext is not to be confused with codetext because the latter is a result of a code, not a cipher."
"Ciphertext is the result of encryption performed on plaintext using an algorithm, called a cipher."
"Ciphertext is the result of encryption performed on plaintext using an algorithm, called a cipher."
"Ciphertext contains a form of the original plaintext that is unreadable by a human or computer without the proper cipher to decrypt it."
"Decryption is the process of turning ciphertext into readable plaintext."
"The two main processes in cryptography are encryption and decryption."
"This process prevents the loss of sensitive information via hacking."
"In cryptography, ciphertext or cyphertext is the result of encryption performed on plaintext using an algorithm, called a cipher."
"This process prevents the loss of sensitive information via hacking."
"A cipher is an algorithm used for encryption and is a key component in producing ciphertext."
"Decryption is the process of turning ciphertext into readable plaintext."
"Ciphertext contains a form of the original plaintext that is unreadable by a human or computer without the proper cipher to decrypt it."
"Encryption performed on plaintext using an algorithm, called a cipher, results in ciphertext that is unreadable without the proper cipher."
"Ciphertext is also known as encrypted or encoded information because it contains a form of the original plaintext that is unreadable by a human or computer without the proper cipher to decrypt it."
"This process prevents the loss of sensitive information via hacking."
"Ciphertext is not to be confused with codetext because the latter is a result of a code, not a cipher."