Reporting on natural disasters, pandemics, and humanitarian crises in different countries, including the role of the media in raising awareness and the response of governments and international organizations.
Conflict and Security: Understanding the dynamics of conflict, the factors that contribute to conflict, the role of international organizations and governments in conflict resolution, and the impacts of conflict on civilians and societies.
Humanitarian Aid: Understanding the provision of humanitarian aid during a crisis, the different types of aid, and the role and responsibilities of humanitarian organizations and journalists in reporting on crisis situations.
International Relations: Understanding the diplomatic relations between countries and the role of journalism in influencing such relations, reporting on diplomacy and the impact of international relations on crisis reporting.
Media Ethics: Understanding the ethical considerations and codes of practice for crisis reporting, objectivity, accuracy, and impartiality, while navigating personal biases.
Virtual and Remote Reporting: Understanding remote reporting, utilizing digital platforms, using social media, and other innovative approaches to report on international crises.
Data Journalism: Understanding the role of data in crisis reporting, the role of open data, and data visualization in reporting and analyzing data.
War Correspondence: Understanding warfare reporting, warzones, human tragedy, and violence during conflict and the safety protocols, and precautions to take as a journalist or correspondent.
Cultural Awareness: Understanding the cultural differences, nuances of language, and dialects when reporting international crises, while avoiding stereotyping and promoting cultural sensitivity.
Refugee Crisis and Migration: Understanding the impact of crisis on displacement, migration, and refugee settlements on international policies and humanitarian aid.
Political Instability: Understanding the causes, effects, and repercussions of political instability, instability resulting from elections, corruption, and political conflicts, and providing information to intended audiences accordingly.
War reporting: This type of reporting focuses on the coverage of conflicts and wars between countries or factions within countries.
Humanitarian reporting: This category includes reporting on issues related to displacement, famine, and natural disasters.
Environmental reporting: This type of reporting focuses on natural disasters, pollution, and climate change.
Economic reporting: This branch of reporting focuses on issues related to economics and trade, including issues such as trade wars and international financial crises.
Diplomatic reporting: This category covers issues related to international diplomacy, including foreign policy, diplomatic relations, and international organizations.
Political reporting: This branch of international journalism focuses on political issues, elections, and political crises.
Social reporting: This type of reporting covers issues related to social and cultural issues, including human rights, minority rights, and gender issues.
Conflict Zone Reporting: This type of reporting focuses on documenting violent conflict's consequences on civilians, including their struggles and survival.
Investigative Reporting: This type of reporting involves in-depth research to expose hidden information about an issue, such as corruption, (in-)justice, state-sponsored terror, or corporate malfeasance, usually in areas where press freedom is limited.
Foreign Correspondent: A foreign correspondent reports stories from remote or inaccessible areas for media companies based in another nation, providing an inside view of local events in a foreign setting.
Terrorism Report: A crisis involving terrorism is one of the most challenging forms to report due to the many conflicting interests involved in this issue. Reporters may have to employ ethical skills to do effective journalism, empathize with the victims, provide fair and impartial coverage, and not become part of terrorist propaganda.
Security: In some situations, such as war zones, natural disasters, and conflict zones, there are risks to journalists’ lives. Journalists who report from such environments often have special training and expertise to avoid hazards while doing their jobs. **Note** It is worth mentioning the recent development of "Digital Security" in current journalism, insuring freedom of free speech.