Pathology

Study of the nature and causes of disease, including the effects on the body and the processes involved in the development and progression of disease.

Anatomy: A study of the human body and its parts, their location, structure, and function.

Physiology: A study of the functions and processes of different organs and systems in the body.

Histology: The study of tissues and their structure under a microscope, including cells, intercellular substances, and extracellular tissues.

Microbiology: The study of microorganisms and their effect on human health, including viruses, bacteria, fungi, and parasites.

Immunology: The study of the immune system and its response to infections, allergies, and diseases.

Pharmacology: The study of drugs and their effects on the body, including mechanisms of action, side effects, and interactions with other medications.

Pathophysiology: The study of the abnormal functioning of cells, tissues, and organs that cause diseases or disorders in the body.

Clinical pathology: The study of laboratory tests and diagnostic procedures used to detect and diagnose diseases and disorders.

Diagnostic imaging: The use of different imaging techniques such as X-rays, CT scans, MRI, and ultrasounds to diagnose diseases and monitor the progress of treatment.

Rehabilitation techniques: The methods used to treat and manage different injuries and conditions, including exercise therapy, manual therapy, and electrotherapy.

Biomechanics: The study of movement and the mechanical properties of biological structures, including muscles, bones, and joints.

Neurology: The study of the nervous system and its disorders, including spinal cord injuries, stroke, and peripheral neuropathies.

Cardiology: The study of the heart and its functions, including cardiovascular diseases, heart attacks, and heart failure.

Oncology: The study of cancer and its treatment, including chemotherapy, radiation therapy, and surgery.

Public health: The study of promoting and protecting the health and well-being of communities by preventing diseases and injuries.

Orthopedic Pathology: This is the study and treatment of musculoskeletal injuries, including bones, joints, and muscles.

Sports Pathology: It is the study and treatment of injuries related to sports and exercise.

Neurological Pathology: It is the study and treatment of diseases and injuries related to the central and peripheral nervous systems.

Geriatric Pathology: It is the study and treatment of disorders that impact older adults.

Cardiopulmonary Pathology: It is the study and treatment of disorders that impact the heart and lungs.

Pediatric Pathology: It is the study and treatment of disorders that affect children.

Women's Health Pathology: It is the study and treatment of disorders specific to women, including pelvic pain, incontinence, and pregnancy-related issues.

Oncology Pathology: It is the study and treatment of disorders related to cancer, including post-surgical rehabilitation and management of adverse effects of cancer treatments.

Hand Therapy Pathology: It is the study and treatment of injuries and disorders related to the hand and upper extremity.

Vestibular Pathology: It is the study and treatment of disorders related to balance and dizziness, including vertigo.

Wound Care Pathology: It is the study and treatment of chronic wounds, including pressure ulcers and diabetic foot ulcers.

Aquatic Therapy Pathology: It is the study and treatment of injuries and disorders that are treated in a water-based environment.

Women's Health Pathology: It is the study and treatment of disorders specific to women, including pelvic pain, incontinence, and pregnancy-related issues.

Ergonomics Pathology: It is the study and treatment of disorders that may result from the interaction between a person's work environment and their body mechanics.

Industrial Pathology: It is the study and treatment of workplace injuries and disorders.

Environmental Pathology: It is the study and treatment of disorders and injuries that result from exposure to environmental toxins and pollutants.

What is pathology?

- "Pathology is the study of the causes and effects of disease or injury."

How is the word "pathology" used in the context of modern medical treatment?

- "When used in the context of modern medical treatment, the term is often used in a narrower fashion to refer to processes and tests that fall within the contemporary medical field of 'general pathology'."

What is the role of a pathologist?

- "A physician practicing pathology is called a pathologist."

What are the components addressed by pathology?

- "Pathology addresses components of disease: cause, mechanisms of development (pathogenesis), structural alterations of cells (morphologic changes), and the consequences of changes (clinical manifestations)."

What does general pathology focus on?

- "In common medical practice, general pathology is mostly concerned with analyzing known clinical abnormalities that are markers or precursors for both infectious and non-infectious disease."

Describe the two major specialties within general pathology.

- "General pathology is conducted by experts in one of two major specialties, anatomical pathology and clinical pathology."

What are some sub-specialties within pathology based on sample types?

- "Comparing, for example, cytopathology, hematopathology, and histopathology."

Are there specific areas of pathology that focus on specific organs?

- "Organs, as in renal pathology."

Is there a specific area of pathology that focuses on physiological systems?

- "Physiological systems, as with oral pathology."

Are there any divisions in pathology based on the focus of the examination?

- "Yes, as with forensic pathology."

How significant is pathology in medical diagnosis and research?

- "Pathology is a significant field in modern medical diagnosis and medical research."

What does the term "pathophysiologies" refer to?

- "In the statement 'the many different forms of cancer have diverse pathologies,' in which case a more proper choice of word would be 'pathophysiologies'."

What does the affix "pathy" indicate?

- "The affix pathy is sometimes used to indicate a state of disease in cases of both physical ailment and psychological conditions."

Can pathology contribute to understanding the development of diseases?

- "Pathology also refers to the study of disease in general, incorporating a wide range of biology research fields and medical practices."

What disciplines are involved in the study of pathology?

- "Pathology incorporates a wide range of biology research fields and medical practices."

What is the focus of anatomical pathology?

- "Anatomical pathology is one of the major specialties in general pathology."

What does clinical pathology analyze?

- "Clinical pathology is one of the major specialties in general pathology."

Which practices diagnose disease through analysis of tissue and human cell samples?

- "An area [within general pathology] which includes a number of distinct but inter-related medical specialties that diagnose disease, mostly through analysis of tissue and human cell samples."

How does pathology contribute to the understanding of disease progression?

- "Idiomatically, 'a pathology' may also refer to the predicted or actual progression of particular diseases."

Are there different forms of cancer with diverse pathologies?

- "The many different forms of cancer have diverse pathologies."