"Physiology is the scientific study of functions and mechanisms in a living system."
The study of how the body functions, including its cells, tissues, and organs.
Cellular physiology: The study of the functions and processes of cells in the body, including metabolism, transport, and communication.
Biochemistry: The study of the chemical processes within living organisms, including the metabolism of carbohydrates, proteins, and lipids.
Anatomy: The study of the structures of the body, including bones, muscles, and organs.
Neuroscience: The study of the nervous system, including the brain, spinal cord, and nerves.
Biomechanics: The study of the mechanical principles that govern movement, including muscles, bones, and joints.
Endocrinology: The study of the hormones and their effect on physiological processes, including growth, development, and reproduction.
Immunology: The study of the immune system, including the cells, molecules, and processes involved in defending the body against pathogens.
Nutrition: The study of the relationship between food, health, and disease, including the metabolism of nutrients and the function of organs.
Exercise physiology: The study of the effects of exercise on the body, including the cardiovascular, respiratory, and musculoskeletal systems.
Pharmacology: The study of drugs and their effects on the body, including their mechanisms of action, pharmacokinetics, and side effects.
Biophysics: The study of the physical properties of biological systems, including the mechanics, thermodynamics, and energy transfer of cells and tissues.
Pathophysiology: The study of the abnormal physiological processes that underlie disease, including inflammation, infection, and organ dysfunction.
Genetics: The study of the inheritance of traits and genetic diseases, including the role of DNA, genes, and chromosomes.
Evolutionary physiology: The study of the physiological adaptations that organisms have evolved to survive and thrive in different environments.
Comparative physiology: The study of the physiological differences and similarities among different species, including their adaptations to different ecological niches.
Exercise Physiology: An area of physiology that focuses on how the body responds to different physical activities and how to improve physical performance.
Sport Physiology: Focuses on the physiological adaptions to training and optimal performance in sport activities.
Cardiovascular Physiology: The study of the cardiovascular system, which includes the heart, blood vessels, and blood. It involves the study of heart function, blood pressure regulation, and circulatory dynamics.
Respiratory Physiology: The study of the respiratory system, involves the airways, lungs, and the mechanics of breathing.
Neurophysiology: Focuses on the physiology of the nervous system, including the brain and its function, the peripheral nervous system and its function, and the neural control of movement.
Nutrition Physiology: Study of the physiological processes associated with the ingestion, digestion, absorption, and metabolism of nutrients.
Comparative Physiology: The study of the diverse ways in which living organisms have adapted to various environments and evolutionary pressures.
Biomechanics: The study of the mechanics of living organisms, including the study of the physics of movement, the mechanical properties of tissues, and the interactions between the body and the environment.
Environmental Physiology: The study of the physiological adaptations organisms make to their environment in order to survive in challenging environments such as high altitude, extreme temperatures, and different atmospheric pressures.
Endocrine Physiology: The study of the glands and hormone systems in the body and the effects of hormones on physiological processes.
"Physiology focuses on how organisms, organ systems, individual organs, cells, and biomolecules carry out chemical and physical functions in a living system."
"The field can be divided into medical physiology, animal physiology, plant physiology, cell physiology, and comparative physiology."
"Central to physiological functioning are biophysical and biochemical processes, homeostatic control mechanisms, and communication between cells."
"Physiological state is the condition of normal function."
"Pathological state refers to abnormal conditions, including human diseases."
"The Nobel Prize in Physiology or Medicine is awarded by the Royal Swedish Academy of Sciences."
"The Nobel Prize is awarded for exceptional scientific achievements in physiology related to the field of medicine."
"The word 'physiology' originates from the Ancient Greek φύσις (phúsis) meaning 'nature, origin' and -λογία (-logía) meaning 'study of'."
"Physiology is a sub-discipline of biology that focuses on understanding how living systems carry out their functions and mechanisms."
"Physiology studies organisms, organ systems, individual organs, cells, and biomolecules in living systems."
"There are two primary types of physiological state - normal function and abnormal conditions (pathological state)."
"Some examples of fields within physiology include medical physiology, animal physiology, plant physiology, cell physiology, and comparative physiology."
"Biophysical and biochemical processes, homeostatic control mechanisms, and cellular communication are integral to physiological functioning."
"Homeostatic control mechanisms play a vital role in maintaining the balance and stability of the body's internal environment."
"Physiological state refers to normal function, while pathological state refers to abnormal conditions such as diseases."
"The Royal Swedish Academy of Sciences awards the Nobel Prize in Physiology or Medicine to acknowledge exceptional scientific achievements in physiology related to medicine."
"Physiology studies the functions and mechanisms of living systems, including how cells, organs, and organisms carry out chemical and physical processes."
"The two fundamental categories of physiological conditions are normal functioning (physiological state) and abnormal conditions (pathological state)."
"The study of physiology contributes to understanding the chemical and physical functions in living systems, including the interactions between biomolecules, cells, and organs."