- "Neurophysiology is a branch of physiology and neuroscience that studies nervous system function rather than nervous system architecture."
Study of how the nervous system generates and transmits electrical signals that lead to movement.
Neurons: The basic unit of the nervous system, communicating via electrical and chemical signals.
Action potential: The process by which neurons transmit electrical signals along their length.
Synapses: Junctions between neurons where chemical signals are transmitted.
Neurotransmitters: Chemical messengers that transmit signals across synapses.
Motor neuron: Neuron that controls muscle contraction.
Motor unit: A motor neuron and the muscle fibers it controls.
Spinal cord: The communication pathway between the brain and peripheral nervous system.
Reflexes: Automatic responses to stimuli that do not require conscious control.
Central pattern generators: Neural circuits in the spinal cord that generate rhythmic movements.
Cortical motor areas: Areas of the brain involved in planning and executing movements.
Basal ganglia: Subcortical structures involved in the regulation of voluntary movement and learning.
Cerebellum: A structure located in the hindbrain that is involved in motor coordination and learning.
Motor learning: The process by which the nervous system adapts to new movement patterns and skills.
Motor control disorders: Disorders that result in abnormal movement patterns or loss of motor control, such as Parkinson's disease or stroke.
Electromyography (EMG): Technique used to measure the electrical activity of muscles during contraction.
Kinematics: The study of movement patterns and trajectories.
Biomechanics: The study of the physical laws governing movement and the forces acting on the body.
Motor development: The study of the changes that occur in motor skills over the lifespan.
Neuroprosthetics: Implants or devices that assist individuals with motor control disorders.
Brain-computer interfaces: Technology that allows individuals to control devices or prosthetics using neural signals.
Electromyography (EMG): It is a technique for measuring the electrical signals of muscle activity during contraction.
Electroencephalography (EEG): It is a non-invasive method for recording the electrical activity of the brain.
Magnetoencephalography (MEG): It is a non-invasive method for recording the magnetic fields generated by electrical activity in the brain.
Transcranial Magnetic Stimulation (TMS): It is a non-invasive method for stimulating specific regions of the brain with magnetic fields to measure their effect on motor control.
Electrooculography (EOG): It is a technique for recording the electrical activity of the muscles that control eye movements.
Nerve Conduction Velocity (NCV): It is a technique for measuring the speed at which nerve impulses travel through the nerves.
Reflex Physiology: It is the study of how the nervous system controls reflexes, automatic responses to stimuli that do not require conscious thought or decision-making.
Neuroplasticity: It is the ability of the nervous system to adapt and change in response to new experiences, learning, or injury.
Kinematics: It is the study of the motion of the body during movement, such as the position, velocity, and acceleration of body segments.
Kinetics: It is the study of the forces that produce or inhibit motion, such as gravity, friction, and muscle forces.
Biomechanics: It is the study of the mechanical principles that govern human movement, such as forces, torques, and center of mass.
Neuroendocrinology: It is the study of the interactions between the nervous system and the endocrine system, which controls hormone production and release.
Motor Learning: It is the study of how the nervous system adapts and improves motor skills through practice and feedback.
Motor Control: It is the study of how the nervous system plans, executes, and monitors movement.
- "This area aids in the diagnosis and monitoring of neurological diseases."
- "Historically, it has been dominated by electrophysiology—the electrical recording of neural activity."
- "The electroencephalogram (EEG), patch clamp, voltage clamp, extracellular single-unit recording, and recording of local field potentials are examples."
- "The neuron is an electrochemical machine, it is difficult to isolate electrical events from the metabolic and molecular processes that cause them."
- "Neurophysiologists currently utilize tools from chemistry (calcium imaging), physics (functional magnetic resonance imaging, fMRI), and molecular biology (site-directed mutations) to examine brain activity."
- "The word originates from the Greek word νεῦρον meaning 'nerve', and physiology meaning knowledge about the function of living systems."
- "Intracellular recording refers to the recording of the properties of single neurons."
- "It aids in the diagnosis and monitoring of neurological diseases."
- "Neurophysiologists currently utilize tools from chemistry such as calcium imaging."
- "The electroencephalogram (EEG) is an example of electrical recording of neural activity."
- "Neurophysiologists currently utilize tools from chemistry, physics, and molecular biology to examine brain activity."
- "It studies nervous system function rather than nervous system architecture."
- "Neurophysiology focuses on studying nervous system function, while neuroscience covers broader aspects including nervous system architecture."
- "The field aims to diagnose and monitor neurological diseases."
- "Molecular biology techniques such as site-directed mutations are used to examine brain activity."
- "Historically, neurophysiology has been dominated by electrophysiology."
- "Tools from chemistry, physics, and molecular biology are utilized by neurophysiologists to examine brain activity."
- "The word originates from the Greek word νεῦρον meaning 'nerve' and physiology meaning knowledge about the function of living systems."
- "Neurophysiologists utilize various techniques, including electrophysiology and molecular biology, to examine and gain knowledge about neural processes."