"A strike action is a work stoppage caused by the mass refusal of employees to work. It usually takes place in response to employee grievances."
A collective action by workers to withhold labor in order to protest against unfair treatment, low wages, poor working conditions, or other grievances.
Unionization: The process by which workers form unions to collectively bargain with their employers for better wages, benefits, and working conditions.
Collective bargaining: The negotiations between labor unions and management to reach an agreement on the terms of employment for workers.
The Wagner Act: The landmark labor law passed in 1935 that guarantees workers the right to organize and collectively bargain with their employers.
The Taft-Hartley Act: The 1947 law that restricts some union activities and gives employers more power to resist unionization efforts.
Strikes: The organized withdrawal of labor by workers in protest of unfair working conditions or to gain better wages or benefits.
Lockouts: The practice by employers of locking out workers in retaliation for strikes or to gain leverage in labor negotiations.
Strikebreakers: Replacement workers hired by employers during a strike to keep their businesses operating.
Picketing: The practice by striking workers of standing outside their workplace to protest or discourage strikebreakers.
Scabs: Workers who cross picket lines and continue working during a strike.
Strike tactic: The various strategies and techniques employed by unions during strikes, such as picketing, boycotts, and work slowdowns.
Strike impact: The economic, social, and political consequences of strikes on workers, employers, and society as a whole.
Historical strikes: A look into the major strikes throughout history, such as the Pullman Strike, the Flint Sit-Down Strike, and the 1981 Air Traffic Controllers strike.
International strikes: A study of strikes in other countries and how they compare to those in the United States.
Strike resolution: The various ways in which strikes can be resolved, such as mediation, arbitration, or settlement negotiations.
Union busting: The practices used by employers to undermine unionization efforts and weaken labor unions, such as hiring union-avoidance consultants and intimidating workers.
General Strike: A strike that involves workers from various industries and different sectors of the economy, often involving massive protests and demonstrations.
Sympathy Strike: A strike that is staged in support of another group of workers on strike.
Wildcat Strike: A strike that is unauthorized by the union or workers' representatives, and which is typically intended to put pressure on management to address a specific issue or concern.
Sitdown Strike: A strike in which workers refuse to leave their place of work until their demands are met, often by occupying the workplace.
Slowdown Strike: A strike in which workers intentionally slow down their work, causing a reduction in productivity to put pressure on management.
Sickout Strike: A strike in which workers call in sick, causing significant disruption to the organization's operations.
Work-to-Rule Strike: A strike in which workers strictly abide by the terms and conditions of their employment, and refuse to do any work outside of their job description.
One Day Strike: A strike lasting only one day, typically intended to show the employer the workers' resolve and unify their efforts.
Rotating Strike: A strike where groups of workers from different locations picket for an agreed and rotating period of time, so that the employer feels the impact of the strike, but the workers are not out of work entirely.
Lightning Strike: A sudden and unexpected strike typically triggered by an event, such as an announcement of layoffs, a wage cut or disciplinary action.
"Strikes became common during the Industrial Revolution, when mass labor became important in factories and mines."
"Early strikes were often deemed unlawful conspiracies or anti-competitive cartel action and many were subject to massive legal repression by state police, federal military power, and federal courts."
"Many Western nations legalized striking under certain conditions in the late 19th and early 20th centuries."
"Strikes are sometimes used to pressure governments to change policies."
"Occasionally, strikes destabilize the rule of a particular political party or ruler; in such cases, strikes are often part of a broader social movement taking the form of a campaign of civil resistance."
"Notable examples are the 1980 Gdańsk Shipyard and the 1981 Warning Strike led by Lech Wałęsa."
"These strikes were significant in the long campaign of civil resistance for political change in Poland and were an important mobilizing effort that contributed to the fall of the Iron Curtain and the end of communist party rule in Eastern Europe."
"The strikes that followed the Kapp Putsch were organized by the USPD and the German Communist Party."
"These strikes resulted in the collapse of the Putsch." Note: Due to the length and the nature of the given paragraph, there aren't enough direct quotes providing clear answers to generate 20 study questions. However, the provided questions and quotes aim to address the main points discussed in the paragraph.