"Colonialism is a practice by which a country controls people or areas, often by establishing colonies, generally for strategic and economic advancement."
The study of the historical events, policies, and practices of one nation's control over another nation, often characterized by economic, political, and cultural domination.
Conceptualizing Colonialism and Imperialism: The topic of Conceptualizing Colonialism and Imperialism involves analyzing the theories and frameworks used to understand the motivations, dynamics, and impacts of European expansion and domination over colonial territories.
Pre-Colonial Societies: Pre-Colonial Societies refers to the diverse social, cultural, and economic structures existing in regions before European colonial powers imposed their influence and control.
Exploration and Expansion: Exploration and expansion refers to the period of historic endeavors by European nations to discover and conquer new territories, which shaped the age of colonization and imperialism.
Colonialism in the Americas: Colonialism in the Americas refers to the period of European domination and control over American territories during the age of exploration and colonization.
The African Colonization: The African Colonization refers to the European scramble for Africa and subsequent establishment of colonial rule in the continent during the late 19th and early 20th centuries.
Imperialism in Asia: Imperialism in Asia refers to the expansionist policies and practices of European and American powers in the 19th and early 20th centuries, characterized by the establishment of colonies, economic dominance, and political control over Asian territories.
The Scramble for Africa: The Scramble for Africa refers to the late 19th-century rush by European powers to colonize and control vast territories on the African continent.
Colonialism and Ideas of Racial Superiority: The topic of Colonialism and Ideas of Racial Superiority explores how colonial powers used notions of racial superiority to justify their domination and exploitation of colonized peoples.
Resistance and Nationalism: Resistance and Nationalism refers to the actions and ideologies of colonized peoples as they fought against European imperial rule and sought to establish their own independent nations.
Decolonization and Its Legacies: The topic of Decolonization and Its Legacies in the context of History by Field and Colonialism and Imperialism focuses on the process of independence and the long-term effects of dismantling colonial rule in various regions worldwide.
Settlement colonialism: This occurs when a group of people from a colonizing country settle in a conquered territory and establish their own society, often at the expense of the indigenous people.
Plantation colonialism: This form of colonialism involves establishing large-scale plantations in a conquered territory, usually for the purpose of exporting cash crops back to the colonizing country.
Trading post colonialism: This occurs when a colonizing country establishes a trading post in a conquered territory and conducts trade with the local population, often imposing their own economic interests on the locals.
Informal imperialism: This form of imperialism is characterized by indirect control or influence over a foreign nation, achieved through economic or cultural means rather than military intervention.
Direct imperialism: This involves the direct control or annexation of a foreign territory by a colonizing power, often accomplished through military conquest.
Sphere of influence colonialism: This occurs when a powerful country establishes a zone of influence or control over a weaker nation or territory, often through economic or diplomatic means.
Neo-colonialism: This is a form of imperialism that is more subtle and indirect, often involving the exploitation of economic or political power by dominant countries over weaker ones.
"Colonialism is etymologically rooted in the Latin word 'Colonus', which was used to describe tenant farmers in the Roman Empire."
"Colonialism has existed since ancient times."
"The concept is most strongly associated with the European and Japanese empires."
"Starting in the 15th century and extending to the mid-1900s."
"At first, conquest followed policies of mercantilism, aiming to strengthen the home-country economy."
"Agreements usually restricted the colony to trading only with the metropole (mother country)."
"By the mid-19th century."
"Missionaries were active in practically all of the European-controlled colonies because the metropoles were Christian."
"Historian Philip Hoffman calculated that by 1800, before the Industrial Revolution, Europeans already controlled at least 35% of the globe."
"By 1914, they had gained control of 84% of the globe."
"Colonial powers retreated between 1945 and 1975; over which time nearly all colonies gained independence, entering into changed colonial, so-called postcolonial and neocolonialist relations."
"The coloni sharecroppers started as tenants of landlords, but the system evolved so they were permanently indebted to the landowner and were trapped in servitude."
"The system evolved so they were permanently indebted to the landowner and were trapped in servitude."
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