- "Political demography is the study of the relationship between politics and population change."
: How governments, policies, and political shifts have influenced demographic trends and migration patterns throughout history, and how they continue to do so today.
Political theory: The study of the principles and concepts of politics, including democracy, authority, power, justice, and equality.
Comparative politics: The study of different political systems and their structures, institutions, and processes, including their similarities and differences.
International relations: The study of the interactions between states and other actors in the international system, including war and peace, diplomacy, international law, and globalization.
Public policy: The study of how governments make decisions and implement programs to address societal challenges and meet public needs, including policy analysis, evaluation, and implementation.
Political economy: The study of the relationship between politics and economics, including the distribution of resources, the role of markets and government in allocating goods and services, and the impact of economic policies on society.
Political sociology: The study of how social structures and relations shape political behavior and attitudes, including social class, race, gender, and culture.
Political psychology: The study of how psychological factors influence political behavior and decision-making, including personality, emotion, cognition, and communication.
Elections and voting: The study of how elections are conducted and how voters make their choices, including campaign finance, electoral systems, and political participation.
Political communication: The study of how political messages are created, mediated, and received, including the role of media, propaganda, and persuasion.
Political culture: The study of the values, beliefs, and practices that shape political behavior and institutions, including nationalism, patriotism, and civic engagement.
Governance and administration: The study of how governments and other organizations operate and manage public affairs, including bureaucratic structures, public management, and accountability.
History of political thought: The study of the development of political ideas and theories over time, including the contributions of key philosophers and other thinkers.
Domestic Policy: Domestic policy refers to the actions, initiatives, and decisions that a government undertakes within its own country to influence and address various social, economic, and political issues.
Foreign Policy: Foreign Policy is the set of principles, objectives, and actions that a country's government takes to protect and promote its national interests in relation to other nations and international organizations.
Environmental Policy: Environmental policy is the set of rules, regulations, and initiatives that a government undertakes to protect the environment from harm, minimize pollution and ecological damage, and promote sustainable development.
Economic Policy: Economic policy entails the decisions, strategies, and plans that a government makes to regulate the economy and promote economic growth, employment, stability, and welfare.
Defense Policy: Defense policy refers to the plans, strategies, and actions that a government adopts to detect, prevent, and respond to threats to national security and the armed forces of a country.
Immigration Policy: Immigration policy is the set of rules, regulations, and measures that a country's government implements to control and manage the flow of people coming into the country from other nations.
Social Policy: Social policy is the framework of laws, regulations, and initiatives that a government establishes to address various social issues such as poverty, inequality, health care, education, and social welfare.
Fiscal Policy: Fiscal policy is the use of government spending, taxation, and borrowing to manage the economy and achieve the desired macroeconomic outcomes such as growth, inflation, and employment.
Security Policy: Security policy refers to the measures, strategies, and actions that a government takes to protect its citizens, infrastructure, and institutions from external and internal threats to national security.
Education Policy: Education policy is the set of laws, regulations, and initiatives that a government establishes to regulate and promote access to education, improve the quality of education, and ensure that education meets the needs of the economy and society.
Healthcare Policy: Healthcare policy is the set of laws, regulations, and initiatives that a government undertakes to improve access to, affordability, and quality of healthcare services to its citizens.
- "Population change is driven by classic demographic mechanisms – birth, death, age structure, and migration."
- "Assimilation as well as boundary and identity change can redraw the boundaries of populations in a way that is not possible with biological populations."
- "A notable leader in the area of sub-state population projection is the World Population Program of the International Institute of Applied Systems Analysis (IIASA) in Laxenburg, Austria."
- "Some of the issues which are studied in the context of political demography are: surges of young people in the developing world, significantly increasing aging in the developed world, and the impact of increasing urbanization."
- "A population's growth is impacted by the relative balance of variables like mortality, fertility, and immigration."
- "Many of the present world's most powerful nations are aging quickly, largely as a result of major decreases in fertility rates and major increases in life expectancies."
- "By 2050, the workforce in Japan and Russia is predicted to decrease by more than 30 percent, while the German workforce is expected to decline by 25 percent by that year."
- "The governments of these countries have made financial commitments to the elderly in their populations which will consume huge percentages of their national GDP."
- "Based on current numbers, more than 25% of the national GDPs of Japan, France, and Germany will be consumed by these commitments by 2040."
- "Political-demographic projections can account for both demographic factors and transitions caused by social change."
- "Major decreases in fertility rates and major increases in life expectancies."
- "The impact of increasing urbanization."
- "Mortality, fertility, and immigration."
- "Surges of young people in the developing world."
- "By 2050, the workforce in Japan and Russia is predicted to decrease by more than 30 percent, while the German workforce is expected to decline by 25 percent by that year."
- "As the labor pools in these nations shrink, and spending on the elderly increases, their economies are likely to slow down."
- "The World Population Program of the International Institute of Applied Systems Analysis (IIASA) in Laxenburg, Austria."
- "Assimilation as well as boundary and identity change."
- "Political demography can redraw the boundaries of populations in a way that is not possible with biological populations."