"prevalent in Europe from the late 12th to the 16th century, during the High and Late Middle Ages, surviving into the 17th and 18th centuries in some areas."
A style of medieval architecture characterized by pointed arches, flying buttresses, ribbed vaults, and ornate decorations.
History of Gothic Architecture: A brief history of Gothic architecture from its origins in France in the 12th century to its spread throughout Europe during the Middle Ages.
Architectural Elements: A description of the key architectural elements of Gothic architecture, including pointed arches, ribbed vaults, flying buttresses, and stained-glass windows.
Building Materials: An overview of the materials used in Gothic architecture, including stone, brick, and timber, and the techniques used to carve and shape them.
Gothic Cathedrals: An in-depth exploration of some of the most iconic Gothic cathedrals in Europe, including Chartres Cathedral, Westminster Abbey, and Notre-Dame de Paris.
Sculpture and Decoration: Study of the intricate sculpture and decorative details that embellish Gothic architecture, including gargoyles, finials, and tracery.
Gothic Revival: An investigation of the Gothic Revival movement of the 19th century, when architects drew inspiration from medieval Gothic architecture in designing new buildings across Europe and America.
Gothic Art and Culture: A look at the broader art and culture of the Gothic period, including painting, sculpture, music, and literature, and the ways that these influenced the development of Gothic architecture.
Gothic Architecture and Religion: The role of Gothic architecture in religious life during the Middle Ages, including its use in the construction of churches, monasteries, and other Christian institutions.
National and Regional Variations: A comparison of the different regional and national styles of Gothic architecture, including English Gothic, German Gothic and Italian Gothic.
Gothic Engineering: The innovative ways in which Gothic architects utilized engineering techniques to create buildings that were taller and larger than anything seen before.
Gothic Architecture and Social Order: Considering the Gothic art, literature and architecture throughout the framework of medieval society, including the relationship between architecture and wealth, power, and social hierarchy.
Restoration and Preservation: A survey of the methods and ethics of restoring and preserving Gothic architecture in the modern era, including the controversies surrounding the restoration of important buildings such as Notre-Dame de Paris.
Early Gothic (also known as Lancet): Characterized by sharply pointed arches and narrow, elongated windows with simple tracery. Common features include ribbed vaults and elaborate sculpture, particularly on the facade.
High Gothic (also known as Rayonnant): This style is characterized by the use of quatrefoil shapes in the design of windows, rose windows, and other decorative elements. It features a greater use of stained glass and more ornate decoration.
Late Gothic (also known as Flamboyant): Flourishing in the late 14th and early 15th centuries, this style includes intricate tracery with flame-like shapes, elaborate stonework, and detailed sculptures.
Perpendicular Gothic: A style that developed during the 14th and 15th centuries in England, it is characterized by its use of horizontal lines in the tracery of its windows, as well as by the use of intricate fan vaulting and roof bosses.
Italian Gothic: Having evolved from the Romanesque style, it predominantly featured the insertion of classical features (columns, arches, domes) into the Gothic design.
Spanish Gothic: The style evolved from the French Gothic and was characterized by its unique use of ornamentation and decorative elements made from terracotta, a style known for the crafting skill of local artisans.
German Gothic: German Gothic architecture reflected regional stylistic differences with its parabolic arches, steeples, brick-architecture and more simple facades.
Norman Gothic: This style was characterized by round-headed arches, small columns, and richly ornamented moldings.
Czech Gothic: Czech Gothic architecture is characterized by its use of precise geometrical shapes, intricate and carved stone sculptures, and a unique interplay of light and shadow in the interiors.
Russian Gothic: Orthodox Russian churches are characterized by onion-shaped domes and the prominent use of colored tiles and scheming, particularly in the interiors.
Secular Gothic: Secular Gothic architecture includes buildings such as town halls, guildhalls, and merchant houses; these were characterized by the use of ornamented facades, pointed arches, and tall, narrow windows.
Gothic Revival: Reviving the Gothic style in the late 18th and early 19th centuries, it emphasized the use of pointed arches, ribbed vaultin, and intricate decorations. This style was frequently associated with the romantic movement.
"It evolved from Romanesque architecture"
"It originated in the Île-de-France and Picardy regions of northern France."
"The style at the time was sometimes known as opus Francigenum (lit. 'French work')."
"The term Gothic was first applied contemptuously during the later Renaissance, by those ambitious to revive the architecture of classical antiquity."
"The defining design element of Gothic architecture is the pointed or ogival arch."
"The use of the pointed arch in turn led to the development of the pointed rib vault and flying buttresses, combined with elaborate tracery and stained glass windows."
"At the Abbey of Saint-Denis, near Paris, the choir was reconstructed between 1140 and 1144, drawing together for the first time the developing Gothic architectural features."
"a new architectural style emerged that emphasized verticality and the effect created by the transmission of light through stained glass windows."
"Christian ecclesiastical architecture, Gothic cathedrals and churches, abbeys, parish churches, castles, palaces, town halls, guildhalls, universities, and private dwellings."
"Many of the finest examples of medieval Gothic architecture are listed by UNESCO as World Heritage Sites."
"With the development of Renaissance architecture in Italy during the mid-15th century, the Gothic style was supplanted by the new style."
"Gothic continued to flourish and develop into the 16th century. A series of Gothic revivals began in mid-18th century England, spread through 19th-century Europe..."
"...continued, largely for churches and university buildings, into the 20th century." Quotes from the paragraph that answer the questions have been provided throughout the responses.