"The French Revolution [...] began with the Estates General of 1789, and ended with the formation of the French Consulate in November 1799."
The study of the period when French monarchs were overthrown, and a new government was established.
Causes of the French Revolution: This topic encompasses all the political, social, and economic factors that led to the outbreak of the French Revolution. The causes include the absolute monarchial rule, financial crises, food shortages and high taxes, Enlightenment ideas, and the influence of the American Revolution.
The Estates General: The Estates General was a meeting of representatives of the French estates that occurred in 1789. This topic covers the background of the Estates General, including its composition and its function, and the specific events leading up to the meeting.
The Tennis Court Oath: The Tennis Court Oath was a pledge taken by the members of the National Assembly to create a new constitution for France. This topic covers the events leading up to the oath, the significance of the oath, and its impact on the French Revolution.
Storming of the Bastille: Storming of the Bastille was an important event that occurred on 14 July 1789. This topic covers the purpose and significance of the Bastille, the events leading up to the storming, and its impact on the French Revolution.
The Reign of Terror: The Reign of Terror was a period of intense violence and political repression during the French Revolution. This topic covers the causes and consequences of the Reign of Terror, including the execution of King Louis XVI, the rise of Maximilien Robespierre and the Committee of Public Safety, and the impact on French society and culture.
Napoleon Bonaparte: Napoleon Bonaparte was a military and political leader who played a significant role in the French Revolution. This topic covers his rise to power, his military campaigns, his reforms, and the impact of his rule on France and Europe.
Impact of the French Revolution: The French Revolution had a profound impact on France, Europe, and the world. This topic covers the legacy of the French Revolution, including the spread of revolutionary ideas, the rise of nationalism, and the impact on politics, society, and culture.
"Many of its ideas are considered fundamental principles of liberal democracy."
"Its causes are generally agreed to be a combination of social, political and economic factors."
"In May 1789, widespread social distress led to the convocation of the Estates General."
"Continuing unrest culminated in the Storming of the Bastille on 14 July."
"...the abolition of feudalism, the imposition of state control over the Catholic Church in France, and extension of the right to vote."
"Austria, Britain, Prussia and other external powers sought to restore the Ancien Régime by force."
"Many French politicians saw war as the best way to unite the nation and preserve the revolution by exporting it to other countries."
"Following the Paris-based Insurrection of 31 May – 2 June 1793, the constitution was suspended and effective political power passed from the National Convention to the more radical Committee of Public Safety."
"An estimated 16,000 'counter-revolutionaries' were executed during the subsequent Reign of Terror."
"The Reign of Terror [...] ended with the so-called Thermidorian Reaction in July 1794."
"Weakened by a combination of external threats and internal opposition, in November 1795 the Republic was replaced by the Directory."
"The Consulate seized power in a military coup led by Napoleon Bonaparte."
"This is generally seen as marking the end of the Revolutionary period."
"The next three years were dominated by the struggle for political control, exacerbated by economic depression and civil disorder."
"The French Revolutionary Wars in April 1792, abolition of the French monarchy."
"...followed by the execution of Louis XVI in January 1793."
"Following the Paris-based Insurrection of 31 May – 2 June 1793, the constitution was suspended and effective political power passed from the National Convention to the more radical Committee of Public Safety."
"[...] the values and institutions it created remain central to French political discourse."
"...the abolition of feudalism, the imposition of state control over the Catholic Church in France, and extension of the right to vote."