"The Vietnam War...was a conflict in Vietnam, Laos, and Cambodia from 1 November 1955 to the fall of Saigon on 30 April 1975."
A Cold War-era conflict between communist and capitalist forces in Vietnam, Laos, and Cambodia, in which the United States played a major role.
Indochina War: A conflict between the Vietnamese nationalist movement and French colonial forces that lasted from 1946 to 1954 and resulted in the division of Vietnam into North and South.
Diem era: The period from 1954 to 1963, characterized by the rule of Ngo Dinh Diem, the South Vietnamese leader sponsored by the United States.
Kennedy administration: The period from 1961 to 1963, during which the United States became increasingly involved in Vietnam under President John F. Kennedy.
Escalation: The period from 1964 to 1968, during which the United States greatly increased its military presence in Vietnam, and fighting escalated.
Tet Offensive: A major military campaign launched by the North Vietnamese and Viet Cong in 1968, which served as a turning point in the war.
Anti-war movement: A broad social and political movement in the United States and other countries that opposed the Vietnam War and sought to bring an end to it.
Gulf of Tonkin incident: An alleged attack on U.S. Navy ships by North Vietnamese forces in 1964, which led to a major escalation of the war.
Counterinsurgency: A set of military and political strategies designed to defeat insurgencies, which the United States attempted to use in Vietnam.
Siege of Khe Sanh: A major battle that took place in early 1968 at the Khe Sanh combat base, which the North Vietnamese surrounded and besieged for months.
Paris Peace Accords: An agreement signed in 1973 that ended the United States' involvement in Vietnam, although fighting between North and South Vietnam continued for two more years.
The First Indochina War (1946-1954): This conflict involved the French colonial power and Vietnamese nationalists led by Ho Chi Minh. It ended with the French colonial forces leaving Indochina and the Geneva Accords being signed.
The Vietnam War (1955-1975): Also called the Second Indochina War, this war pitted the communist forces of North Vietnam, supported by China and the Soviet Union against the non-communist forces of South Vietnam, backed by the United States.
The Laotian Civil War (1953-1975): A civil war in Laos fought between the communist Pathet Lao and the Royal Laotian Government. It was closely intertwined with the Vietnam War.
The Cambodian Civil War (1967-1975): A conflict in Cambodia where the communist Khmer Rouge fought against government forces, which was supported by the United States.
The Invasion of Cambodia (1970): The US military invaded Cambodia during the Vietnam War to disrupt North Vietnamese supply lines, which caused widespread protests in the US.
The War of Resistance Against America (1975-1986): A military campaign by the communist government of Vietnam against the United States during the Vietnam War.
The War of Cambodian Aggression (1977-1989): A military campaign by Vietnamese forces against the remnants of the Khmer Rouge government in Cambodia.
The Sino-Vietnamese War (1979): A short-lived conflict between China and Vietnam over border disputes.
The Second Indochina War (1975-1989): A period of conflict after the end of the Vietnam War, which included the Cambodian-Vietnamese War and the Sino-Vietnamese War.
The Vietnamese Invasion of Cambodia (1978-1979): A military campaign by Vietnam to install a pro-Vietnamese government in Cambodia and oust the Khmer Rouge.
"The war was officially fought between North Vietnam and South Vietnam. The north was supported by the Soviet Union, China, and other communist states, while the south was supported by the United States and other anti-communist allies."
"The south was supported by the United States and other anti-communist allies."
"The war is widely considered to be a Cold War-era proxy war."
"The conflict also spilled over into neighboring states, exacerbating the Laotian Civil War and the Cambodian Civil War, which ended with all three countries officially becoming communist states by 1976."
"With the defeat of the French Union in the First Indochina War... the country gained independence from France but was divided into two military gathering areas."
"The Viet Cong (VC), a South Vietnamese common front under the direction of the north, initiated a guerrilla war in the south. The People's Army of Vietnam (PAVN), also known as the North Vietnamese Army (NVA), engaged in more conventional warfare with U.S. and Army of the Republic of Vietnam (ARVN)."
"U.S. involvement increased under President John F. Kennedy... from just under a thousand military advisors in 1959 to 23,000 by 1964."
"Following the Gulf of Tonkin incident in August 1964, the U.S. Congress passed a resolution that gave President Lyndon B. Johnson broad authority to increase U.S. military presence in Vietnam..."
"In 1968, North Vietnamese forces launched the Tet Offensive; though it was a military defeat for them, it became a political victory, as it caused U.S. domestic support for the war to fade."
"Phnom Penh fell to the Khmer Rouge on 17 April 1975, while the 1975 spring offensive saw the Fall of Saigon to the PAVN on 30 April, marking the end of the war."
"Estimates of the number of Vietnamese soldiers and civilians killed range from 966,000 to 3 million. Some 275,000–310,000 Cambodians, 20,000–62,000 Laotians, and 58,220 U.S. service members also died in the conflict."
"The end of the Vietnam War would precipitate the Vietnamese boat people and the larger Indochina refugee crisis, which saw millions of refugees leave Indochina, an estimated 250,000 of whom perished at sea."
"The Khmer Rouge carried out the Cambodian genocide... which toppled the Khmer Rouge government in 1979."
"The U.S. Air Force destroyed more than 20% of the jungles of South Vietnam and 20–50% of the mangrove forests by spraying over 20 million gallons of toxic herbicides (defoliants) including Agent Orange."
"The war gave rise to what was referred to as Vietnam Syndrome, a public aversion to American overseas military involvements."
"In response, China invaded Vietnam, with subsequent border conflicts lasting until 1991."
"Together with the Watergate scandal, [the war] contributed to the crisis of confidence that affected America throughout the 1970s."
"U.S. and South Vietnamese forces relied on air superiority and overwhelming firepower... involving ground forces, artillery, and airstrikes."
"The Paris Peace Accords of January 1973 saw all U.S. forces withdrawn; accords were broken almost immediately, and fighting continued for two more years." Please note that due to the limited context of the available paragraph, detailed quotes for some questions may not be present.