"Classical architecture usually denotes architecture which is more or less consciously derived from the principles of Greek and Roman architecture of classical antiquity..."
The study of the art and architecture produced in the Classical period, including famous works such as the Parthenon and the Colosseum.
Greek Art and Architecture: Covers the art and architecture produced by the ancient Greeks including the Parthenon, the Pantheon, and the Temple of Apollo.
Roman Art and Architecture: Covers the art and architecture produced by the ancient Romans including the Colosseum, the Aqueducts, and the Forum.
Neoclassical Art and Architecture: Covers the revival of classical styles in art and architecture during the 18th and 19th centuries.
Baroque Art and Architecture: Covers the dramatic and ornate art and architecture produced in Europe during the 17th and 18th centuries.
Renaissance Art and Architecture: Covers the artistic and architectural styles that emerged during the Renaissance period, including the Sistine Chapel and the works of Leonardo da Vinci.
Gothic Art and Architecture: Covers the ornate and dramatic style prevalent in Europe between the 12th and 16th centuries, exemplified by the Notre Dame Cathedral in Paris.
Church Architecture: Covers the different styles of church architecture throughout history, including basilicas, cathedrals, and chapels.
Sculpture: Covers the different forms and styles of sculpture throughout history, including relief sculptures and free-standing sculptures.
Painting: Covers the different styles and techniques of painting throughout history, including oil painting, fresco, and watercolor.
Ornamentation and Decoration: Covers the various methods of ornamentation and decoration used in art and architecture throughout history, including mosaics, stained glass, and relief patterns.
Landscape Architecture: Covers the design of landscapes, gardens, and parks throughout history, including the gardens of Versailles and the works of Frederick Law Olmsted.
Urban Planning: Covers the design and development of cities and urban spaces throughout history, including the works of Haussmann in Paris and Robert Moses in New York City.
Theory and Criticism: Covers the philosophical, theoretical, and critical approaches to art and architecture, including the works of John Ruskin and Clement Greenberg.
Greek Architecture: Known for its balance, symmetry, and mathematical precision, including iconic structures such as the Parthenon and the Temple of Zeus.
Roman Art: Known for its realism and naturalism, including famous works such as the Colosseum and the Pantheon.
Classicism: Art and architecture that draws inspiration from ancient Greece and Rome, often characterized by an emphasis on order, proportion, and balance.
Hellenistic Art: Art that emerged after the death of Alexander the Great, featuring more dramatic, emotional, and dynamic representations of figures.
Doric Style: A style of architecture characterized by simple, sturdy columns and a plain design, often found in ancient Greek temples.
Ionic Style: A style of architecture characterized by slender, more decorative columns, often used for smaller temples or porticos.
Corinthian Style: A style of architecture characterized by ornate, leafy columns, often used for more elaborate public buildings.
Mosaic: An art form that utilizes small, colored pieces of glass, stone, or ceramic to create intricate designs on walls or floors.
Sculpture: The art of creating three-dimensional figures using various materials such as stone, bronze, or marble.
Fresco: A technique of painting on wet plaster, often used in ancient Roman and Greek murals.
Relief: A sculptural technique that involves carving or molding designs onto a flat surface, often used in ancient decorative art.
Calligraphy: The art of writing in a decorative, stylized manner, often used for inscriptions or manuscripts in ancient times.
"...from the works of the Roman architect Vitruvius."
"Different styles of classical architecture have arguably existed since the Carolingian Renaissance..."
"...and prominently since the Italian Renaissance."
"...they can in general all be said to draw on a common 'vocabulary' of decorative and constructive elements."
"In much of the Western world, different classical architectural styles have dominated the history of architecture from the Renaissance until World War II."
"Classical architecture continues to inform many architects."
"The term classical architecture also applies to any mode of architecture that has evolved to a highly refined state, such as classical Chinese architecture, or classical Mayan architecture."
"It can also refer to any architecture that employs classical aesthetic philosophy."
"The term might be used differently from 'traditional' or 'vernacular architecture,' although it can share underlying axioms with it."
"For contemporary buildings following authentic classical principles, the term New Classical architecture is sometimes used."