- Quote: "It tends to promote the interests of a particular nation, especially with the aim of gaining and maintaining the nation's sovereignty over its perceived homeland to create a nation-state."
Nationalism is a belief in the right of nations to self-determination and in the importance of national unity and identity. It played a significant role in the Age of Imperialism as European powers attempted to establish and maintain their dominance around the world.
Definition of Nationalism: A concept that emphasizes the identity, culture, and unity of a nation, often leading to political, social, and economic independence.
Colonization: The acquisition of new territories by European powers in order to extend their influence and control throughout the world.
Imperialism: Refers to a doctrine or policy aimed at extending the domination of a stronger country or empire over a weaker nation or territory.
Expansionism: Refers to a policy or practice of extending the territorial, economic, or political influence of one country over another, often through coercive or aggressive means.
Nationalist Movements: Refers to the various political, social, and cultural movements aimed at promoting the interests of a specific nation, often through the creation of an independent state.
Anti-Colonialism: Refers to the various social, political, and cultural movements aimed at ending the colonization and domination of weaker nations by stronger ones.
Imperialist Ideologies: Refers to the various political, social, and economic theories and practices that promote the expansion of an empire or nation-state over other nations or territories.
Race and Nationalism: Examines the role of race in shaping nationalist movements and the ideologies of imperialism and expansionism.
National Identity: Examines the ways in which national identity is constructed and propagated, often through the use of symbols, myths, and cultural practices.
Gender and Nationalism: Examines the role of gender in shaping nationalist movements and the construction of national identities.
Nationalism and International Relations: Examines the ways in which nationalist movements and the ideologies of imperialism and expansionism shape and are shaped by international relations.
Nationalism and Globalization: Examines the ways in which nationalist movements and the ideologies of imperialism and expansionism are affected by and affect globalization.
Nationalism and War: Examines the role of nationalist movements and the ideologies of imperialism and expansionism in causing and perpetuating war.
Historical Examples of Nationalist Movements: Examines the historical examples of nationalist movements, including the American Revolution, the Indian Independence Movement, and the Zionist Movement, among others.
Contemporary Examples of Nationalist Movements: Examines contemporary examples of nationalist movements, including the Scottish National Party, the Basque Nationalist and Separatist Movement, and the Quebec Separatist Movement, among others.
Cultural Nationalism: Emphasizes the importance of shared cultural heritage, traditions, and values. It aims to preserve and promote a particular culture as a means of asserting the uniqueness of a nation or community.
Political Nationalism: Focuses on the political autonomy and sovereignty of a nation. It is concerned with the establishment of an independent nation-state with its own government, laws, and institutions.
Economic Nationalism: Seeks to promote domestic industries and protect them from foreign competition. It often involves imposing tariffs, quotas, or other restrictions on the importation of goods and services from other countries.
Ethnic Nationalism: Values ethnic identity and seeks to promote the interests of a particular ethnic group or community. It may involve exclusionary policies or discrimination against minority groups within a nation.
Civic Nationalism: Emphasizes a shared citizenship and loyalty to a nation-state based on legal and civic frameworks. It places less emphasis on shared culture or ethnicity than other forms of nationalism.
Religious Nationalism: Asserts the importance of a particular religion or faith as a defining characteristic of a nation or community. It may involve the imposition of religious laws or policies that privilege one faith over others.
Revolutionary Nationalism: Seeks to fundamentally transform society and politics through revolutionary means. It often involves violence or other acts of resistance against existing political systems or authorities.
Expansionist Nationalism: Seeks to extend a nation's territorial borders or influence beyond its existing boundaries. It may involve imperialist or colonialist policies aimed at acquiring new territories or dominating other nations or peoples.
- Quote: "It holds that each nation should govern itself, free from outside interference (self-determination), that a nation is a natural and ideal basis for a polity, and that the nation is the only rightful source of political power."
- Quote: "It further aims to build and maintain a single national identity, based on a combination of shared social characteristics such as culture, ethnicity, geographic location, language, politics, religion, traditions, and belief in a shared singular history."
- Quote: "Nationalism, therefore, seeks to preserve and foster a nation's traditional culture."
- Quote: "The two main divergent forms identified by scholars are ethnic nationalism and civic nationalism."
- Quote: "Beginning in the late 18th century, particularly with the French Revolution and the spread of the principle of popular sovereignty or self-determination, the idea that 'the people' should rule is developed by political theorists."
- Quote: "This view has since been rejected by most scholars, and nations are now viewed as socially constructed and historically contingent."
- Quote: "Modernization theory... adopts a constructivist approach and proposes that nationalism emerged due to processes of modernization, such as industrialization, urbanization, and mass education, which made national consciousness possible."
- Quote: "Proponents of this theory describe nations as 'imagined communities' and nationalism as an 'invented tradition' in which shared sentiment provides a form of collective identity and binds individuals together in political solidarity."
- Quote: "A third theory, ethnosymbolism explains nationalism as a product of symbols, myths, and traditions, and is associated with the work of Anthony D. Smith."
- Quote: "The moral value of nationalism, the relationship between nationalism and patriotism, and the compatibility of nationalism and cosmopolitanism are all subjects of philosophical debate."
- Quote: "Nationalism can be combined with diverse political goals and ideologies such as conservatism (national conservatism and right-wing populism) or socialism (left-wing nationalism)."
- Quote: "In practice, nationalism is seen as positive or negative depending on its ideology and outcomes."
- Quote: "Nationalism has been a feature of movements for freedom and justice, has been associated with cultural revivals, and encourages pride in national achievements."
- Quote: "It has also been used to legitimize racial, ethnic, and religious divisions, suppress or attack minorities, and undermine human rights and democratic traditions."
- Quote: "It tends to promote the interests of a particular nation, especially with the aim of gaining and maintaining the nation's sovereignty over its perceived homeland to create a nation-state."
- Quote: "It further aims to build and maintain a single national identity, based on a combination of shared social characteristics such as culture, ethnicity, geographic location, language, politics (or the government), religion, traditions and belief in a shared singular history."
- Quote: "It holds that each nation should govern itself, free from outside interference (self-determination), that a nation is a natural and ideal basis for a polity, and that the nation is the only rightful source of political power."
- Quote: "Three main theories have been used to explain the emergence of nationalism: Primordialism (perennialism), Modernization theory, and Ethnosymbolism."
- Quote: "Nationalism, therefore, seeks to preserve and foster a nation's traditional culture."