- "Native Americans, sometimes called First Americans or Indigenous Americans, are the Indigenous peoples of the United States or portions thereof, such as American Indians from the contiguous United States and Alaska Natives."
The cultures and civilizations of the Native American tribes that inhabited the Americas before the arrival of Europeans.
Tribes and Nations: Overview of the different tribes and nations that existed before the Age of Exploration, including their cultures, languages, and territories.
European Contact: The arrival of European explorers and their impact on Native American civilization.
Indigenous Beliefs and Practices: Overview of indigenous religions, mythologies, and practices, including their views on creation, the afterlife, and their relationship to the natural world.
Trade and Commerce: The role of trade and commerce in Native American culture, including bartering, trading networks, and the exchange of goods and resources.
Colonialism and Expansion: The impact of colonialism and expansion on Native American tribes and nations, including forced relocations, the loss of traditional lands, and the introduction of new diseases.
Religion and Spirituality: Overview of indigenous religious practices and beliefs, including shamanism, animism, and other spiritual practices.
Women and Gender Roles: An exploration of the role of women in Native American societies, including their roles as healers, mothers, and leaders.
Art and Culture: An overview of Native American art and culture, including pottery, basket weaving, beadwork, and other traditional art forms.
Language and Communication: The importance of language in Native American cultures and the role of communication in maintaining traditions and cultural identity.
Treaty Negotiations: Overview of treaty negotiations between Native American tribes and the US government, including the impact of treaties on indigenous lands and resources.
Political Structures: The political structures and leadership roles in Native American societies, including tribal chiefs, councils, and other governing bodies.
Environmentalism and Sustainability: Native American views on environmentalism and sustainability, including their traditional methods of conservation and resource management.
Military and Warfare: Overview of Native American warfare, including tactics, weapons, and the role of warriors in tribal society.
Oral Traditions and Storytelling: The importance of oral traditions and storytelling in Native American cultures, including legends, fables, and other stories that have been passed down for generations.
Cultural Assimilation: The impact of cultural assimilation policies on Native American societies, including the forced removal of indigenous children from their families and communities.
Pre-Columbian cultures: These societies developed before Columbus arrived in North America. They include the Anasazi, Hohokam, and Mississippians, among others.
Plains tribes: Native American groups that lived on the Great Plains of North America, such as the Blackfoot, Cheyenne, and Comanche. They were known for their nomadic lifestyle, hunting buffalo, and living in teepees.
Southwest tribes: Native American groups that lived in the southwestern United States, such as the Navajo, Apache, and Puebloans. They were skilled farmers and artisanal craftsmen.
Eastern Woodlands tribes: Native American groups that lived in the eastern part of North America, such as the Iroquois, Cherokee, and Algonquin. They were known for their agriculture, hunting, and fishing.
Northwest tribes: Native American groups that lived in the Pacific Northwest, such as the Tlingit, Haida, and Chinook. They were known for their fishing, trade, and totem poles.
Arctic tribes: Native American groups that lived in the Arctic region, such as the Inuit and Yupik. They were skilled hunters and fishers and adapted to the harsh environment.
- "The United States Census Bureau defines Native American as 'all people indigenous to the United States and its territories, including Native Hawaiian and Other Pacific Islanders.'"
- "The European colonization of the Americas that began in 1492 resulted in a precipitous decline in Native American population because of newly introduced diseases (including weaponized diseases and biological warfare by European colonizers), wars, ethnic cleansing, and enslavement."
- "The United States... continued to wage war and perpetrated massacres against many Native American peoples, removed them from their ancestral lands, and subjected them to one-sided treaties and to discriminatory government policies."
- "When the United States was created, established Native American tribes were generally considered semi-independent nations, as they generally lived in communities separate from white settlers."
- "The Indian Appropriations Act of 1871 ended recognition of independent Native nations and started treating them as 'domestic dependent nations' subject to applicable federal laws."
- "The Indian Citizenship Act of 1924 granted U.S. citizenship to all Native Americans born in the United States who had not yet obtained it."
- "However, some states continued to deny Native Americans voting rights for several decades."
- "Titles II through VII of the Civil Rights Act of 1968 comprise the Indian Civil Rights Act, which applies to the Native American tribes of the United States and makes many but not all of the guarantees of the U.S. Bill of Rights applicable within the tribes."
- "Since the 1960s, Native American self-determination movements have resulted in positive changes to the lives of many Native Americans."
- "Today, there are over five million Native Americans in the United States."
- "78% of whom live outside reservations."
- "The states with the highest percentage of Native Americans in the U.S. are Alaska, Oklahoma, New Mexico, South Dakota, Montana, and North Dakota."
- "This law did preserve the rights and privileges agreed to under the treaties, including a large degree of tribal sovereignty."
- "The actions of tribal citizens on these reservations are subject only to tribal courts and federal law."
- "That Act appears today in Title 25, sections 1301 to 1303 of the United States Code."
- "When the United States was created, established Native American tribes were generally considered semi-independent nations."
- "The European colonization of the Americas... resulted in a precipitous decline in Native American population because of newly introduced diseases (including weaponized diseases and biological warfare by European colonizers), wars, ethnic cleansing, and enslavement."
- "The United States... subjected them to one-sided treaties and to discriminatory government policies."
- "Though there are still many contemporary issues faced by them."