"The Industrial Revolution, also known as the First Industrial Revolution, was a period of global transition of human economy towards more efficient and stable manufacturing processes that succeeded the Agricultural Revolution, starting from Great Britain, continental Europe, and the United States, that occurred during the period from around 1760 to about 1820–1840."
The study of the economic and social changes that occurred during the Industrial Revolution in Europe and North America.
Origins of the Industrial Revolution: The period of industrialization began in the late 18th and early 19th centuries in Britain, and spread across Europe and America.
Impact of Agricultural Revolution: The changes that occurred in agriculture, including new technologies and practices, helped to create a surplus of food, which in turn led to population growth.
Technological innovations: The steam engine, the spinning jenny, power loom, and other inventions revolutionized textile production and transportation.
Factory system & mass production: The factory system helped to organize the production process and led to mass production, which reduced the cost of goods and helped to create a new consumer society.
Economic transformations: The Industrial Revolution had a profound impact on the economy, leading to new forms of organization such as corporations and stock markets.
Social change: Industrialization brought about significant changes in the structure of society, leading to new social classes and new patterns of migration.
Working conditions & labor struggles: The rise of the factory system brought about new working conditions and created new forms of labor, which led to labor struggles and the development of labor unions.
Gender roles: The Industrial Revolution also changed traditional gender roles, as women and children became an important part of the labor force.
Global impact: The Industrial Revolution spread beyond Europe and America, leading to the industrialization of other parts of the world, such as Asia and Latin America.
Environmental impact: The Industrial Revolution had a significant impact on the environment, leading to pollution, deforestation, and other environmental problems.
First Industrial Revolution: It began in the late 1700s in Britain, and it was fueled by the invention of machines like the spinning jenny and the steam engine.
Second Industrial Revolution: It occurred in the late 19th and early 20th centuries and was characterized by mass production and the expansion of railroads and telegraphs.
Third Industrial Revolution: It began in the 1960s and marked the rise of computers and other digital technologies.
Fourth Industrial Revolution: It is the current stage of the technological revolution and involves the integration of technologies like artificial intelligence, robotics, and the Internet of Things.
Green Industrial Revolution: It's a current movement aimed at making industrial processes more sustainable and environmentally friendly.
Blue Industrial Revolution: It involves the development of new technologies and methodologies for ocean and marine-based industries.
White Industrial Revolution: It refers to a transition from traditional to modern production processes and technologies in the textile and clothing industry.
Social Industrial Revolution: It involves the use of technology to address social issues like poverty, health, and education.
Industrial Development Revolution: The rapid development of industries in developing countries driven by their cheap labor force.
Bio-Industrial Revolution: It focuses on the development of biotechnology, which uses biological systems and organisms to create new products and processes.
Nano-Industrial Revolution: It deals with the development of nanotechnology and microscopic machines that could revolutionize manufacturing and other industries.
Space Industrial Revolution: It involves the commercialization of space exploration and the use of space-based resources for industrial purposes.
"This transition included going from hand production methods to machines; new chemical manufacturing and iron production processes; the increasing use of water power and steam power; the development of machine tools; and the rise of the mechanized factory system."
"The textile industry was the first to use modern production methods and textiles became the dominant industry in terms of employment, value of output, and capital invested."
"On a structural level, the Industrial Revolution asked society the so-called social question, demanding new ideas for managing large groups of individuals."
"Visible poverty on one hand and growing population and materialistic wealth on the other caused tensions between the very rich and the poorest people within society."
"These tensions were sometimes violently released and led to philosophical ideas such as socialism, communism, and anarchism."
"The Industrial Revolution began in Great Britain, and many of the technological and architectural innovations were of British origin."
"The development of trade and the rise of business were among the major causes of the Industrial Revolution."
"The Industrial Revolution influenced in some way almost every aspect of daily life."
"Some economists have said the most important effect of the Industrial Revolution was that the standard of living for the general population in the Western world began to increase consistently for the first time in history."
"GDP per capita was broadly stable before the Industrial Revolution and the emergence of the modern capitalist economy, while the Industrial Revolution began an era of per-capita economic growth in capitalist economies."
"Economic historians agree that the onset of the Industrial Revolution is the most important event in human history since the domestication of animals and plants."
"Eric Hobsbawm held that the Industrial Revolution began in Britain in the 1780s and was not fully felt until the 1830s or 1840s."
"Rapid industrialization first began in Britain, starting with mechanized textiles spinning in the 1780s, with high rates of growth in steam power and iron production occurring after 1800."
"An economic recession occurred from the late 1830s to the early 1840s when the adoption of the Industrial Revolution's early innovations, such as mechanized spinning and weaving, slowed as their markets matured."
"New technologies such as the electrical telegraph, widely introduced in the 1840s and 1850s, were not powerful enough to drive high rates of growth."
"Rapid economic growth began to occur after 1870, springing from a new group of innovations in what has been called the Second Industrial Revolution."
"These innovations included new steel-making processes, mass production, assembly lines, electrical grid systems, the large-scale manufacture of machine tools, and the use of increasingly advanced machinery in steam-powered factories."
"The development of trade and the rise of business were among the major causes of the Industrial Revolution."
"The Industrial Revolution began in Great Britain, continental Europe, and the United States, with mechanized textile production spreading to Belgium, the United States, and later textiles in France."