"Research design refers to the overall strategy utilized to carry out research that defines a succinct and logical plan to tackle established research question(s) through the collection, interpretation, analysis, and discussion of data."
Developing a research design is important for framing your research questions and objectives, planning the scope of your research, and determining who to interview and how.
Research question: Identifying the question that the research aims to answer is the primary step in research design. The research question guides the direction of the study and helps in defining the scope of the research.
Hypothesis: A tentative assumption made to explain a phenomenon that can be tested through research is known as a hypothesis. It is essential to formulate a hypothesis that is clear, testable, and relevant to the research question.
Literature review: A review of existing literature on the subject area helps in understanding the current knowledge and identifying gaps. This step ensures that the research is not duplicating previous work and can contribute to new knowledge.
Research methodology: Research methodology refers to the chosen approach to collecting and analyzing data. It includes the research design, sampling procedures, data collection techniques, and analytical procedures.
Data collection methods: Oral histories can be collected through different methods such as interviews, questionnaires, surveys, and observations. Choosing the appropriate method is crucial in determining the quality of the data collected.
Sampling techniques: Sampling refers to selecting a group of individuals or events from the larger population for study purposes. Different sampling techniques, such as random sampling, stratified sampling, and purposive sampling, can be used depending on the research design and sample size.
Ethical considerations: Ethical considerations such as confidentiality, informed consent, and protection of participants' rights should be addressed in the research design to ensure that the study adheres to ethical principles.
Data analysis techniques: Data analysis is a critical component of the research design in oral history. Data analysis techniques such as thematic analysis, content analysis, and discourse analysis are used to interpret the data collected.
Validity and reliability: Validity and reliability are two essential aspects of research design that determine the accuracy and consistency of the study. Validity refers to the degree to which the findings represent what they purport to represent, and reliability refers to the consistency of the results over time.
Research report writing: The research report is the final output of the study, and it should be written clearly, concisely, and objectively. It should include all relevant information, such as the research design, methods, results, and conclusions, and adhere to the principles of academic writing.
Experimental Research Design: This type involves the manipulation of one or more independent variables to determines the effect on a dependent variable.
Quasi-Experimental Research Design: This type simulates experimental research, but the researcher has no control over the selection of participants.
Correlational Research Design: This type helps to determine the strength of the relationship between two variables.
Survey Research Design: This type focuses on gathering data from a sample population.
Case Study Research Design: This type involves researching individuals, groups, or situations in depth.
Grounded Theory Research Design: This type involves developing theories based on the data collected from the research.
Ethnographic Research Design: This type involves the study of cultural patterns and practices by observing and interviewing people.
Action Research Design: This type aims to solve practical problems by using research to improve practices.
Historical Research Design: This type involves the systematic investigation of past events, situations or phenomena.
Content Analysis Research Design: This type focuses on analyzing text and other forms of communicative content to identify patterns and themes.
"Incorporated in the design of a research study will depend on the standpoint of the researcher over their beliefs in the nature of knowledge (see epistemology) and reality (see ontology), often shaped by the disciplinary areas the researcher belongs to."
"...often shaped by the disciplinary areas the researcher belongs to."
"The design of a study defines the study type (descriptive, correlational, semi-experimental, experimental, review, meta-analytic) and sub-type (e.g., descriptive-longitudinal case study), research problem, hypotheses, independent and dependent variables, experimental design, and, if applicable, data collection methods and a statistical analysis plan."
"The design of a study defines the study type, research problem, hypotheses, independent and dependent variables, experimental design, and, if applicable, data collection methods and a statistical analysis plan."
"A research design is a framework that has been created to find answers to research questions."
"...defines a succinct and logical plan to tackle established research question(s) through the collection, interpretation, analysis, and discussion of data."
"Incorporated in the design of a research study will depend on the standpoint of the researcher over their beliefs in the nature of knowledge (see epistemology)..."
"Incorporated in the design of a research study will depend on the standpoint of the researcher over their beliefs in the... reality (see ontology)..."
"The design of a study defines the study type (descriptive, correlational, semi-experimental, experimental, review, meta-analytic) and sub-type..."
"The design of a study defines the study type (descriptive, correlational, semi-experimental, experimental, review, meta-analytic)..."
"...if applicable, data collection methods..."
"...and, if applicable, a statistical analysis plan."
"The design of a study defines the study type (descriptive, correlational, semi-experimental, experimental, review, meta-analytic) and sub-type (e.g., descriptive-longitudinal case study), research problem, hypotheses, independent and dependent variables, experimental design..."
"The design of a study... defines... hypotheses..."
"The design of a study defines... independent and dependent variables..."
"The design of a study defines... experimental design..."
"The design of a study defines... interpretation..."
"The design of a study defines... analysis..."
"The design of a study defines... discussion..." (Please note that the provided quotes are edited versions of the original paragraph to fit within the word limit for a single response.)