- "a period from approximately the 15th century to the 17th century"
The study of the period from the 15th to the 17th century when Europeans explored and colonized new territories.
The Motivations for Exploration: A discussion of the various economic, political, and ideological reasons why European powers began exploring in the fifteenth century.
The Exploration of the Americas: A history of how European powers initially discovered and colonized the Americas, including a discussion of the interactions between these two cultures.
The Spanish Empire: A history of Spain's exploration and colonization of the New World, including the conquest of the Aztecs and Incas and the establishment of colonies in present-day Mexico, Central America, South America, and the Caribbean.
The Portuguese Empire: A history of Portugal's role in the Age of Exploration, including their exploration of the African coast and the establishment of colonies in present-day Brazil, Mozambique, Angola, and the island of Sao Tome.
The Dutch Empire: A history of the Dutch Golden Age, including the emergence of the Dutch East India Company and their exploration and trade in the Indian Ocean region.
The English Empire: A history of England's exploration and colonization of North America, including their establishment of colonies in present-day Virginia, Massachusetts, and the Carolinas.
Indigenous Peoples and the Age of Exploration: A discussion of the impact of European exploration and colonization on indigenous peoples, including the effects of disease, warfare, and forced labor on native populations.
The Transatlantic Slave Trade: A history of the slave trade that developed as a result of European colonization of the Americas, including the economic and political factors that led to its emergence and the effects of slave trade on African populations.
The Columbian Exchange: A discussion of the exchange of goods, ideas, and diseases between the Old and New Worlds as a result of European exploration and colonization.
The Legacy of the Age of Exploration: A reflection on the long-term effects of European exploration and colonization, including the establishment of global trade networks, the spread of Christianity and Western culture, and the continued subjugation of colonized peoples.
Spanish Exploration: Spain was one of the first European powers to embark on maritime exploration during the 15th and 16th centuries. They discovered much of the New World, including modern-day Mexico, Central America, and the Philippines.
Portuguese Exploration: Portugal was another major European power during the Age of Exploration. They were the first to explore the western coast of Africa and discover a sea route to India, which greatly facilitated the spice trade.
English Exploration: England's explorers, such as Sir Francis Drake and Sir Walter Raleigh, helped establish the country's presence in North America, as well as explore the Pacific and beyond.
Dutch Exploration: The Netherlands played a significant role in the Age of Exploration, with their explorers discovering new trade routes to Asia and establishing settlements in North America.
French Exploration: France had a strong presence in Canada and the Mississippi River Valley, with explorers like Jacques Cartier and Samuel de Champlain paving the way for French colonization in the New World.
Chinese Exploration: During the 15th century, the Chinese began a series of massive maritime expeditions, led by Zheng He, that explored the Indian Ocean and parts of Africa. However, the Chinese ultimately abandoned these voyages and focused on internal matters instead.
Russian Exploration: Russia's explorers ventured eastward, discovering Alaska and expanding their presence in Siberia during the 17th and 18th centuries.
Viking Exploration: The Vikings were a seafaring people who explored and settled in Europe, Greenland, and North America during the Middle Ages.
African Exploration: African explorers, such as Mansa Musa and Ibn Battuta, played an important role in discovering new trade routes and connecting different parts of the continent.
Muslim Exploration: Muslim explorers, such as Ibn Battuta and Zheng He, traveled extensively across the Indian Ocean and beyond, contributing to the spread of Islam and cultural exchange.
- "with the Spanish and Portuguese at the forefront, later joined by the Dutch, English, and French"
- "the Portuguese discoveries of the Atlantic archipelagos of Madeira and Azores, the coast of West Africa in 1434, and the establishment of the sea route to India in 1498 by Vasco da Gama"
- "Spain made the transatlantic voyages of Christopher Columbus between 1492 and 1504"
- "the Spanish Magellan expedition made the first circumnavigation of the globe between 1519 and 1522"
- "had a significant impact on the European understanding of the world"
- "European overseas exploration led to the rise of international trade and the European colonial empires"
- "a wide transfer of plants, animals, food, human populations (including slaves), communicable diseases, and culture between the Eastern and Western Hemispheres"
- "European exploration allowed the mapping of the world"
- "new diseases were propagated, decimating populations not previously in contact with the Old World, particularly concerning Native Americans"
- "The era saw widespread enslavement, exploitation and military conquest of native populations"
- "land expeditions in the Americas, Asia, Africa, and Australia that continued into the late 19th century"
- "decimating populations not previously in contact with the Old World"
- "the growing economic influence and spread of European culture and technology"
- "maritime expeditions of Portugal to the Canary Islands in 1336"
- "the establishment of the sea route to India in 1498 by Vasco da Gama"
- "Spain made the transatlantic voyages of Christopher Columbus between 1492 and 1504"
- "European overseas exploration led to the rise of international trade"
- "resulting in a new worldview and distant civilizations coming into contact"
- "continued into the late 19th century, followed by the exploration of the polar regions in the 20th century"