The process by which colonial powers withdrew their political and economic control over colonized regions, often in response to social and political pressure and activism.
Imperialism: It is the practice of extending a nation's power and influence through colonization, use of military force, and economic domination.
Colonialism: It is a practice where a nation-state or group of people establish political control over another state, country, or territory for economic, political, or ideological reasons.
Nationalism: It is an intense feeling of patriotism, loyalty, or devotion to one's country or nation.
Neo-colonialism: It is a practice where a nation-state or group of people maintain political and economic control over another state, country, or territory, without overtly using military force or direct political rule.
Anti-colonialism: It is a political and social movement that aims to oppose, challenge, and eliminate colonialism and its effects.
Decolonization: It is a process where a former colony attains independence and becomes a sovereign nation or state.
Postcolonialism: It is an academic discipline that examines the cultural, social, and political effects of colonization and decolonization.
Third World: It is a term that refers to the developing countries of Africa, Asia, and Latin America, which were once colonized by European powers.
Orientalism: It is a term that refers to the way Western cultures stereotype and represent Asian and Middle Eastern cultures.
Dependency Theory: It is a view that suggests that many developing countries are dependent on developed countries for their economic and political well-being.
Liberation movements: It is a political and social movement that aims to achieve independence, freedom, and basic human rights for a group of people.
Globalization: It is a process of integrating world economies, societies, and cultures through the exchange of goods, services, and ideas.
Cultural imperialism: It is the practice of imposing one's cultural values, beliefs, and practices onto another culture.
Ethnic conflict: It is a conflict that arises between different ethnic groups due to differences in their cultural, social, and political backgrounds.
Racism: It is a system of beliefs and practices that discriminates against individuals based on their race or ethnicity.
Eurocentrism: It is a term that refers to the idea that European culture and values are superior to all other cultures.
Hybridity: It is a term that refers to the blending of two or more cultures, resulting in the creation of a new culture.
Marginalization: It is a process where certain groups or individuals are excluded from mainstream society, resulting in their social and economic disadvantage.
Indigenous rights: It is the recognition and protection of the rights of indigenous people to their land, culture, and way of life.
Environmentalism: It is a social and political movement that aims to protect the environment and natural resources from destruction and exploitation.
Political Decolonization: Refers to the process of granting independence to a colony that was previously under the rule of a foreign power. This type of decolonization involves the transfer of power from the colonial government to the national government of the newly independent country.
Economic Decolonization: Involves the process of dismantling the economic structures that were put in place by the colonial powers. This includes policies such as land redistribution, nationalization of industries and resources, and the creation of new economic structures that are geared towards the interests of the newly independent country.
Social and Cultural Decolonization: This type of decolonization focuses on the creation of a new social, cultural, and intellectual identity that is distinct from the old colonial identity. This involves the rejection of colonial values, norms and practices while also creating new ways of being, thinking, and interacting.
Linguistic Decolonization: Refers to the process of decolonizing language and language policy. This involves the revival and promotion of indigenous languages, breaking the dominance of the colonial language and promoting linguistic diversity.
Psychological Decolonization: Addresses the mental and emotional effects of colonialism. This involves the reclamation of self-determination, autonomy, and self-worth, and reclaiming a sense of pride in one's culture, history, and identity.
Environmental Decolonization: Focuses on the repair and restoration of the environmental damage caused by colonialism. It also involves the recognition and respect of indigenous knowledge, practices, and relationship with the environment.
Technological Decolonization: Refers to the removal of mechanisms or technologies that perpetuate colonial power dynamics, such as the control of information or intellectual property ownership.