"The gender pay gap or gender wage gap is the average difference between the remuneration for men and women who are working."
The difference in earnings between men and women in the same job or occupation.
Gender pay gap definition: Explaining what gender pay gap is and how it manifests.
Wage discrimination: The biases, inequalities, and unfair treatment of one gender over the other in the workplace.
The gender wage gap in different professions: Analyzing the salary differences between men and women in different professions.
Contributing factors to the gender pay gap: Discussing factors such as gender roles, education gaps, and occupational segregation that contribute to wage gaps.
Government policies and laws that address the gender pay gap: Analyzing laws, policies, and regulations developed to address the gender pay gap and measure their effectiveness.
Intersectionality: Exploring other social identities (race, sexual orientation, and disability) that intersect with gender to produce unique experiences of pay inequality.
Gender pay gap around the world: Looking at the differences in the gender pay gap in different parts of the world, the causes, and proposals to address the issue.
Negotiation skills and pay transparency: Discussing ways that employees can negotiate their salaries and how transparency in pay systems can help to reduce the pay gap.
The psychological impacts of gender pay gaps: Exploring the impact of gender pay gaps on self-esteem, workplace morale, and mental health.
Corporate responsibility: Examining the roles and responsibilities of corporate organizations in reducing gender pay gaps and promoting gender equality.
Overall Gender Pay Gap: The difference in average earnings between men and women employed in a particular industry or workplace.
Occupational Gender Segregation: The concentration of men and women in specific job roles or sectors, which may be associated with gender pay differences.
Vertical Gender Segregation: The under-representation of women in senior management and leadership roles, which may limit their opportunities for promotion and progression.
Glass Ceiling: An invisible barrier that prevents women and other marginalized groups from advancing to higher positions in the workplace, often despite having the necessary qualifications and experience.
Unequal Pay for Equal Work: The practice of paying men and women differing amounts for performing the same work, often driven by unconscious bias or discrimination.
Bonus and Benefits Gap: Differences in the value of performance-related bonuses or fringe benefits given to male and female employees.
Part-Time and Flexible Work: The undervaluing of part-time and flexible workers, who are more likely to be women and may receive lower pay and fewer benefits compared to full-time employees.
Unpaid Work: The economic and social value of unpaid care work, such as domestic chores and childcare, is often under-appreciated and disproportionately performed by women. This can lead to reduced career progression and financial stability.
Discrimination and Harassment: Workplace discrimination and harassment based on gender or sexual orientation can create hostile environments and limit opportunities for career development for members of marginalized groups.
"In the United States, for example, the average annual salary of a woman is 83% that of a man."
"This figure changes when controlled for confounding factors such as differences in hours worked, occupations chosen, education, job experience, and level of danger at work, which has adjusted figures in the United States from 95% to 99%."
"The World Health Organization has estimated women healthcare workers earn 28% less on average than men; after adjusting for occupation and hours worked, the gap is changed to 11%."
"The reasons for the gap link to legal, social and economic factors. These include topics such as discrimination based on gender, the motherhood penalty vs. fatherhood bonus, parental leave, and gender norms."
"Additionally, the consequences of the gender pay gap surpass individual grievances, leading to reduced economic output, lower pensions for women, and fewer learning opportunities."
"The gender pay gap can be a problem from a public policy perspective in developing countries because it reduces economic output."
"It means that women are more likely to be dependent upon welfare payments, especially in old age."
Discrimination based on gender is a factor in the gender pay gap."
"This figure changes when controlled for confounding factors such as differences in hours worked, occupations chosen, education, job experience, and level of danger at work."
"After adjusting for occupation and hours worked, the gap is changed to 11%."
"The motherhood penalty vs. fatherhood bonus is one of the reasons for the gender pay gap."
"The consequences of the gender pay gap... leading to reduced economic output, lower pensions for women, and fewer learning opportunities."
"The consequences of the gender pay gap... leading to... fewer learning opportunities."
"The reasons for the gap link to legal, social and economic factors. These include topics such as... gender norms."
"The consequences of the gender pay gap... leading to lower pensions for women."
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"The reasons for the gap link to legal, social and economic factors."
"The gender pay gap can be a problem from a public policy perspective in developing countries."