The examination of transnational efforts to address global environmental challenges, such as climate change, biodiversity loss, and ocean pollution, and the impact of these efforts on environmental governance and sustainability.
Globalization and Transnationalism: Understanding how globalization has led to increased transnational cooperation and collaboration on environmental issues.
Environmental Degradation: Understanding the causes and effects of environmental degradation, including pollution, deforestation, and climate change.
Environmental Justice: Understanding the intersection of environmental issues with social justice issues, such as race, class, and gender.
Sustainable Development: Understanding the concept of sustainable development and how it relates to the preservation of natural resources and the environment.
Climate Change: Understanding the causes and effects of climate change, including rising temperatures, sea level rise, and ocean acidification.
Biodiversity: Understanding the importance of biodiversity and the threats that it faces, including habitat destruction, overfishing, and pollution.
Multilateral Environmental Agreements (MEAs): Understanding the role of international treaties and agreements in promoting environmental protection and conservation.
Corporate Social Responsibility: Understanding how corporations can be held accountable for their environmental impact, and how they can take steps to reduce their environmental footprint.
Environmental NGOs: Understanding the role of non-governmental organizations in promoting environmental protection and advocacy.
Environmental Regulations: Understanding the role of regulations in promoting environmental protection and how different countries and jurisdictions vary in the level of environmental regulation they maintain.
Sustainable Agriculture: Understanding the concept of sustainable agriculture and how it relates to environmental protection and conservation.
Environmental Education: Understanding the importance of environmental education in promoting awareness and action on environmental issues.
Conservation transnationalism: Focuses on protecting biodiversity and natural areas from destruction caused by overpopulation, economic development, or climate change.
Climate justice transnationalism: Advocates for the rights of marginalized communities that are most affected by environmental injustice, such as low-income people, people of color, and Indigenous peoples.
Global governance transnationalism: Seeks to establish global institutions and agreements that regulate environmental issues like carbon emissions, deforestation, and ocean pollution.
Environmental security transnationalism: Seeks to mitigate environmental risks that threaten human security and safety, such as natural disasters, nuclear accidents, and bioterrorism.
Sustainable development transnationalism: Seeks to reconcile economic growth with environmental protection by promoting more sustainable modes of production and consumption.