"International Relations (IR) are the interactions among sovereign states."
The study of interactions and relationships between states and other actors in the international system, such as organizations, corporations, and individuals, often involving diplomacy, power, and conflict.
International Relations Theory: This topic covers the major theoretical frameworks used to explain international relations, including realism, liberalism, constructivism, and critical theory.
International Political Economy: This topic explores the interaction of politics and economics on a global scale, including issues of trade, finance, development, and globalization.
International Law: This topic covers the legal principles and institutions that govern interactions between nations, including treaties, conventions, customary law, and the International Court of Justice.
Security Studies: This topic examines the use of military force, intelligence, diplomacy, and other means to protect national interests and maintain world stability.
Comparative Politics: This topic compares and contrasts the political systems and processes of different countries, including issues of democracy, authoritarianism, and governance.
Global Governance: This topic explores the ways in which international organizations, such as the United Nations, regional organizations, and non-governmental organizations can address global challenges such as climate change, terrorism, and poverty.
Foreign Policy: This topic examines the decision-making processes and strategies of nations in relation to international affairs, including issues of diplomacy, alliances, and intervention.
Intercultural Communication: This topic focuses on the communication styles and norms of different cultures, as well as the challenges and opportunities of cross-cultural interaction in international relations.
Environmental Politics: This topic explores the ways in which environmental issues, such as climate change, resource depletion, and pollution, affect international relations and how governments respond.
Human Rights: This topic examines the recognition, protection, and promotion of fundamental human rights on a global scale, including issues of civil and political rights, economic and social rights, and cultural rights.
Conflict Resolution: This topic focuses on strategies and techniques for resolving conflicts between nations or within societies, including negotiation, mediation, and peacebuilding.
Development Studies: This topic examines the economic, political, social, and cultural aspects of development in different countries and regions, including issues of poverty, inequality, and sustainable development.
Gender and International Relations: This topic analyzes the ways in which gender and sexuality intersect with international relations, including issues of violence, trafficking, and gender-based discrimination.
Migration and Refugee Studies: This topic explores the causes, consequences, and policy responses to migration and refugee movements, including issues of human rights, security, and development.
Regional Studies: This topic focuses on the politics, economics, and culture of different regions, including Europe, Asia, Latin America, and Africa, and how they interact with global trends and institutions.
Diplomacy: Diplomacy is the art of conducting negotiations between countries. It can be bilateral or multilateral and is generally aimed at maintaining peaceful relations.
International Law: International law refers to the rules and principles that govern the relationships between nations.
Globalization: Globalization is the increasing interconnectedness and interdependence of the world's economies, cultures, and nations.
International Political Economy: International Political Economy (IPE) is concerned with the relationship between politics and economics at the international level.
Development Studies: Development Studies is a multidisciplinary field that examines social, economic, and political development in the Third World.
Human Rights: Human rights refer to the basic rights and freedoms to which all humans are entitled, regardless of race, gender, religion, or nationality.
Global Governance: Global governance refers to the management of global affairs by institutions that operate beyond the level of individual nation-states.
Security Studies: Security Studies is concerned with the political, economic, and social factors that contribute to the security of states and individuals.
International Relations Theory: International Relations Theory is concerned with the study of how states interact with each other and with non-state actors.
Conflict Resolution: Conflict Resolution is the process of resolving disputes between two or more parties through negotiation, mediation, and arbitration.
Environmental Studies: Environmental Studies is a multidisciplinary field that examines the relationship between humans and the natural environment.
International Communication: International Communication focuses on the exchange of information and ideas between nations and cultures.
Cultural Studies: Cultural Studies examines the cultural dimensions of international relations, including language, art, literature, and music.
Gender Studies: Gender Studies explores the role of gender in global politics, including the impact of gender on international relations.
Area Studies: Area Studies is concerned with the study of specific regions of the world, including their history, culture, and politics.
"It concerns all activities among states—such as war, diplomacy, trade, and foreign policy—as well as relations with and among other international actors."
"Other international actors, such as intergovernmental organizations (IGOs), international nongovernmental organizations (INGOs), international legal bodies, and multinational corporations (MNCs)."
"There are several schools of thought within IR, of which the most prominent are realism, liberalism, and constructivism."
"International relations is widely classified as a major subdiscipline of political science."
"It also often draws heavily from other fields, including anthropology, economics, geography, law, philosophy, sociology, and history."
"International relations did not become a discrete field until 1919."
"...first offered as an undergraduate major by Aberystwyth University in the United Kingdom."
"...in response to the geostrategic concerns of the Cold War."
"The collapse of the Soviet Union and subsequent rise of globalization in the late 20th century."
"The scientific study of those interactions is called international studies, international politics, or international affairs."
"The collapse of the Soviet Union and subsequent rise of globalization."
"Itergovernmental organizations (IGOs), international nongovernmental organizations (INGOs), international legal bodies, and multinational corporations (MNCs)."
"...such as war, diplomacy, trade, and foreign policy."
"...particularly in North America and Western Europe."
"International relations is widely classified as a major subdiscipline of political science."
"...geostrategic concerns of the Cold War."
"It also often draws heavily from other fields, including anthropology, economics, geography, law, philosophy, sociology, and history."
"The collapse of the Soviet Union and subsequent rise of globalization."
"...war, diplomacy, trade, and foreign policy."