"defined as policies and practices that exist throughout a whole society or organization that result in and support a continued unfair advantage to some people and unfair or harmful treatment of others based on race."
The unequal distribution of power, resources, and opportunities based on race. It can be perpetuated in societies through implicit bias, structural inequalities, and institutional policies and practices.
Definition of Racism: Understanding the definition of racism is crucial for anyone seeking to learn about it. Racism is a system of power that advantage one group of people while disadvantaging another based on race.
Privilege: Privilege refers to unearned advantages that certain groups of people have because of their race, gender, sexuality, and other factors. Recognizing your privilege is important to understand how it can affect your experience and the experiences of others who are less privileged than you.
Implicit Bias: Implicit bias is the unconscious beliefs and attitudes that influence our perceptions, attitudes, and behaviors towards certain individuals or groups. Recognizing our implicit biases can help us identify harmful thought patterns and work to overcome them.
Prejudice: Prejudice is negative attitudes or beliefs towards individuals or groups based on their race, nationality, or ethnicity. Understanding prejudice is essential to combating racism at the individual level.
Discrimination: Discrimination refers to unfavorable treatment towards individuals or groups based on their race, nationality, or ethnicity. It can take place at the individual, institutional, or systemic level.
Intersectionality: Intersectionality is the concept that individuals possess multiple identities that intersect with one another to create unique experiences of oppression and privilege. It is important to recognize intersectionality when addressing systemic issues like racism.
Systemic Racism: Systemic racism refers to racism that is embedded in the very structures and institutions of society. It can include disparities in housing, education, and employment. Understanding systemic racism is crucial to effectively fight against it.
Institutional Racism: Institutional racism is the policies and practices within an organization that disadvantage certain individuals or groups based on their race. Recognizing institutional racism is important to effect change within that organization.
Microaggressions: Microaggressions are small, subtle insults, or slights targeted towards individuals or groups based on their race. Recognizing microaggressions is important to combat racism at the individual level.
Allyship: Allyship refers to the active support and advocacy for individuals or groups who are oppressed by a particular system. It is crucial to allyship to create change at the individual and systemic level.
Historical Context: Understanding the historical context of racism is essential to understanding its current manifestation. It includes the history of colonialism, slavery, and segregation that has explicitly oppressed certain racial or ethnic groups.
Structural Inequality: Structural inequality is unjust inequalities that exist in society that are reinforced by structures such as institutions, laws, and policies. It results in unequal distribution of resources, opportunities, and power based on race.
White Privilege: White privilege refers to the unearned advantages and benefits that white people receive due to their race. Recognizing white privilege is essential to effectively combat systemic racism.
Cultural Appropriation: Cultural appropriation refers to the usage of symbols, clothing or other cultural elements by a member of one culture from another culture without giving credit to the original owners or without acknowledging the cultural significance. It can perpetuate negative stereotypes about other cultures and contributes to racial inequality.
Racial stereotypes: These are preconceived, oversimplified, or exaggerated opinions, attitudes or beliefs about individuals or groups based on their race. Racial stereotypes perpetuate negative images and contribute to racism. Understanding and challenging racial stereotypes can help stop racism at the individual level.
Anti-racism: Anti-racism is an active, intentional, and ongoing commitment to challenge and dismantle racism at the individual, institutional, and systemic level. It requires individuals to acknowledge, problematize, and seek to change their own or others' attitudes, beliefs, and social structures that promote or sustain racism.
Structural Violence: Structural violence refers to the ways that policies, systems, and institutions infringe upon people's basic human rights and contribute to social and economic inequalities. It often results in physical or emotional harm and disproportionately affects marginalized communities. It is closely linked to systemic racism.
Racial Equality: The idea that all races should be treated equally, and that everyone should have the same access to opportunities and resources, and the right to live and work without experiencing unjust discrimination based on their race. Racial equality involves dismantling any practices or policies that result in unequal treatment of individuals and groups based on race.
Colorism: Colorism refers to discrimination or prejudice based on someone's skin color or complexion both within and between racial groups. It is based on a belief that lighter skin is better or more desirable than darker skin.
Cultural Competence: Cultural competence refers to the ability to understand, appreciate, and effectively interact with individuals from different cultural backgrounds. It involves recognizing and addressing cultural differences to create a welcoming, equitable environment.
Systemic Racism: Also known as structural racism, it refers to the ways in which racism is embedded in social, economic, and political systems. It involves policies and practices that unfairly disadvantage certain racial and ethnic groups.
Institutional Racism: It refers to discriminatory policies and practices that are embedded in social institutions such as schools, healthcare, and the criminal justice system. It is characterized by the differential access to resources and opportunities for certain groups based on race.
Individual Racism: It is the personal beliefs, attitudes, and behaviors that discriminate against individuals or groups based on their race, ethnicity, or skin color. It can take the form of verbal abuse, harassment, and acts of violence.
"It manifests as discrimination in areas such as criminal justice, employment, housing, healthcare, education, and political representation."
"The term institutional racism was first coined in 1967 by Stokely Carmichael and Charles V. Hamilton in Black Power: The Politics of Liberation."
"While individual racism is often identifiable because of its overt nature, institutional racism is less perceptible because of its 'less overt, far more subtle' nature."
"Institutional racism 'originates in the operation of established and respected forces in the society, and thus receives far less public condemnation than [individual racism].'"
"The collective failure of an organization to provide an appropriate and professional service to people because of their colour, culture, or ethnic origin. It can be seen or detected in processes, attitudes and behaviour that amount to discrimination through prejudice, ignorance, thoughtlessness, and racist stereotyping which disadvantage minority ethnic people."
"...policies and practices that result in and support a continued unfair advantage to some people and unfair or harmful treatment of others based on race."
"Institutional racism manifests as discrimination in areas such as criminal justice, employment, housing, healthcare, education, and political representation."
"Institutional racism 'originates in the operation of established and respected forces in the society...'"
"...institutional racism is less perceptible because of its 'less overt, far more subtle' nature."
"Processes, attitudes, and behavior that amount to discrimination through prejudice, ignorance, thoughtlessness, and racist stereotyping which disadvantage minority ethnic people."
"The term institutional racism was first coined in 1967 by Stokely Carmichael and Charles V. Hamilton..."
"Institutional racism, also known as systemic racism, is defined as policies and practices that exist throughout a whole society or organization..."
"...policies and practices that exist throughout a whole society or organization that result in and support a continued unfair advantage to some people and unfair or harmful treatment of others based on race."
"It manifests as discrimination in areas such as criminal justice, employment, housing, healthcare, education, and political representation."
"While individual racism is often identifiable because of its overt nature, institutional racism is less perceptible because of its 'less overt, far more subtle' nature."
"It can be seen or detected in processes, attitudes, and behavior..."
"...that amount to discrimination through prejudice, ignorance, thoughtlessness, and racist stereotyping which disadvantage minority ethnic people."
"Institutional racism 'originates in the operation of established and respected forces in the society...'"
"Institutional racism 'originates in the operation of established and respected forces in the society, and thus receives far less public condemnation than [individual racism].'"