"Neocolonialism is the continuation or reimposition of imperialist rule by a state (usually, a former colonial power) over another nominally independent state (usually, a former colony)."
This term refers to the practice of maintaining economic, political, or cultural domination over former colonies even after their formal independence. It involves the use of economic policies, cultural diplomacy, and military intervention to maintain control.
Colonialism: This is the practice of exploiting and controlling a territory or people by a foreign power.
Decolonization: This refers to the process of ending colonial rule and gaining independence.
Imperialism: This is the practice of extending a country's power and influence through colonization, use of military force or economic means.
Globalization: This refers to the interconnectedness of the world's economies, cultures, and political systems.
Dependency Theory: This theory suggests that developing countries are dependent on developed countries for resources, markets, and investments.
World Systems Theory: This theory suggests that the global economy is divided into core, periphery, and semi-periphery regions and that exploitation occurs within this system.
Cultural Imperialism: This is the domination of one culture over another through the imposition of cultural values, beliefs, and practices.
Postcolonial Feminism: This examines how gender intersects with colonialism, imperialism, and globalization and how women's experiences are shaped by these forces.
Neoliberalism: This refers to a political and economic approach that emphasizes free markets, privatization, and deregulation.
Resistance Movements: These are social and political movements that oppose colonialism, imperialism, and neocolonialism.
Economic Neocolonialism: This is where powerful countries use their economic control over smaller, weaker countries to exploit their resources and labor, with little or no benefit to the local population. For example, the IMF imposing "structural adjustments" as a condition for loans to developing countries.
Cultural Neocolonialism: This is where Western countries impose their cultural values and norms on other cultures, often through the media, education systems, and other forms of popular culture. For example, the spread of American pop culture around the world.
Military Neocolonialism: This is where powerful countries use their military forces to establish control over weaker countries, either through direct invasion or by supporting local dictators and militias. For example, the recent interventions of the US in Afghanistan and Iraq.
Technological Neocolonialism: This is where powerful countries control the development and application of technology in weaker countries, often limiting their access to cutting-edge technologies and forcing them to rely on outdated or inferior versions. For example, the digital divide between developed and developing countries.
Environmental Neocolonialism: This is where powerful countries and multinational corporations exploit the natural resources of weaker countries, often causing severe environmental damage and health problems for local communities. For example, oil companies operating in the Niger Delta.
Linguistic Neocolonialism: This is where powerful languages dominate over weaker languages, often leading to the marginalization and extinction of less-spoken languages. For example, the global dominance of English as a language of business and education.
"Neocolonialism differs from standard globalization and development aid in that it typically results in a relationship of dependence, subservience, or financial obligation towards the neocolonialist nation."
"Neocolonialism takes the form of economic imperialism, globalization, cultural imperialism, and conditional aid to influence or control a developing country."
"Previous colonial methods [included] direct military control or indirect political control (hegemony)."
"Neocolonialism frequently affects all levels of society, creating neo-colonial systems that disadvantage local communities, such as neo-colonial science."
"Coined by the French philosopher Jean-Paul Sartre in 1956."
"First used by Kwame Nkrumah in the context of African countries undergoing decolonization in the 1960s."
"Neocolonialism is also discussed in the works of Western thinkers such as Sartre (Colonialism and Neocolonialism, 1964) and Noam Chomsky (The Washington Connection and Third World Fascism, 1979)."
"This may result in an undue degree of political control or spiraling debt obligations, functionally imitating the relationship of traditional colonialism."
"Neocolonialism [...] is to influence or control a developing country.