- Quote: "It tends to promote the interests of a particular nation, especially with the aim of gaining and maintaining the nation's sovereignty over its perceived homeland to create a nation-state."
The study of nationalist ideologies, including fascism, communism, and democratic nationalism.
Origins and Definitions of Nationalism: The historical, political, and philosophical roots of nationalism, and its various meanings.
Nationalist Ideologies in Europe: The emergence of nationalist movements in Europe, their impact on state-building, and the role of nationalism in shaping the continent's modern history.
Nationalist Ideologies in Asia: The rise of nationalist movements in Asia, including China, India, and Vietnam, and their impact on the region's political and social development.
Nationalist Ideologies in Africa: The emergence of nationalism as a political force in Africa, including the role of Pan-Africanism in the liberation struggles across the continent.
Nationalism and Colonialism: The interaction between nationalism and colonialism, including the ways in which nationalist movements sought to challenge and overthrow colonial rule.
Nationalism and Ethnic Conflict: The relationship between nationalism and ethnic conflict, including the complex dynamics of nationalism in diverse multicultural societies.
Nationalism and Religion: The intersection of nationalism and religion, including the ways in which religious beliefs and practices have been incorporated into nationalist ideologies.
Nationalism and Globalization: The impact of globalization on nationalist ideologies, including the challenges and opportunities presented by the spread of global capitalism and the growth of transnational movements.
Nationalism and Democracy: The relationship between nationalism and democracy, including the impact of nationalist ideologies on political participation and representation.
Nationalism and International Relations: The role of nationalism in shaping the international system, including the ways in which nationalist ideologies can drive conflict or promote cooperation among states.
Ethnic Nationalism: This type of nationalism is based on the belief that a nation is made up of a single ethnic or cultural group. It promotes the idea that individuals should be loyal to their ethnic group above all else.
Civic Nationalism: This type of nationalism is based on the belief that a nation is defined by its political and legal institutions, rather than its ethnic or cultural makeup. It promotes the idea of a shared national identity based on democratic principles and equal rights.
Religious Nationalism: This type of nationalism is based on the belief that a particular religion is an essential aspect of a nation's identity. It promotes the idea that a nation's religious heritage should be preserved and protected.
Territorial Nationalism: This type of nationalism is based on the belief that a nation is defined by its geographic borders. It promotes the idea that a nation's territorial integrity should be preserved and protected.
Revolutionary Nationalism: This type of nationalism is based on the belief that a nation must undergo a radical transformation in order to achieve its full potential. It promotes the idea of revolutionary change as a means of achieving national goals.
Cultural Nationalism: This type of nationalism is based on the belief that a nation is defined by its unique cultural heritage. It promotes the idea that a nation's cultural traditions must be preserved and celebrated.
Pan-Nationalism: This type of nationalism is based on the belief that a nation is part of a larger cultural or ethnic group. It promotes the idea of shared identities and common interests among nations that share a common ancestry.
Expansionist Nationalism: This type of nationalism is based on the belief that a nation should expand its territory and influence beyond its current borders. It promotes the idea of political and military strength as a means of achieving national goals.
Populist Nationalism: This type of nationalism is based on the belief that the interests of the common people should take precedence over those of the elite or established political order. It promotes the idea of an empowered and unified people as the basis of national strength.
- Quote: "It holds that each nation should govern itself, free from outside interference (self-determination), that a nation is a natural and ideal basis for a polity, and that the nation is the only rightful source of political power."
- Quote: "It further aims to build and maintain a single national identity, based on a combination of shared social characteristics such as culture, ethnicity, geographic location, language, politics, religion, traditions, and belief in a shared singular history."
- Quote: "Nationalism, therefore, seeks to preserve and foster a nation's traditional culture."
- Quote: "The two main divergent forms identified by scholars are ethnic nationalism and civic nationalism."
- Quote: "Beginning in the late 18th century, particularly with the French Revolution and the spread of the principle of popular sovereignty or self-determination, the idea that 'the people' should rule is developed by political theorists."
- Quote: "This view has since been rejected by most scholars, and nations are now viewed as socially constructed and historically contingent."
- Quote: "Modernization theory... adopts a constructivist approach and proposes that nationalism emerged due to processes of modernization, such as industrialization, urbanization, and mass education, which made national consciousness possible."
- Quote: "Proponents of this theory describe nations as 'imagined communities' and nationalism as an 'invented tradition' in which shared sentiment provides a form of collective identity and binds individuals together in political solidarity."
- Quote: "A third theory, ethnosymbolism explains nationalism as a product of symbols, myths, and traditions, and is associated with the work of Anthony D. Smith."
- Quote: "The moral value of nationalism, the relationship between nationalism and patriotism, and the compatibility of nationalism and cosmopolitanism are all subjects of philosophical debate."
- Quote: "Nationalism can be combined with diverse political goals and ideologies such as conservatism (national conservatism and right-wing populism) or socialism (left-wing nationalism)."
- Quote: "In practice, nationalism is seen as positive or negative depending on its ideology and outcomes."
- Quote: "Nationalism has been a feature of movements for freedom and justice, has been associated with cultural revivals, and encourages pride in national achievements."
- Quote: "It has also been used to legitimize racial, ethnic, and religious divisions, suppress or attack minorities, and undermine human rights and democratic traditions."
- Quote: "It tends to promote the interests of a particular nation, especially with the aim of gaining and maintaining the nation's sovereignty over its perceived homeland to create a nation-state."
- Quote: "It further aims to build and maintain a single national identity, based on a combination of shared social characteristics such as culture, ethnicity, geographic location, language, politics (or the government), religion, traditions and belief in a shared singular history."
- Quote: "It holds that each nation should govern itself, free from outside interference (self-determination), that a nation is a natural and ideal basis for a polity, and that the nation is the only rightful source of political power."
- Quote: "Three main theories have been used to explain the emergence of nationalism: Primordialism (perennialism), Modernization theory, and Ethnosymbolism."
- Quote: "Nationalism, therefore, seeks to preserve and foster a nation's traditional culture."