"The Holocaust was the genocide of European Jews during World War II."
Understanding the Holocaust and its impact on Jewish people and the world is an essential topic in Jewish Studies.
Anti-Semitism: A history of hatred towards Jews and its impact on the events leading to the Holocaust.
Nazi Germany: The rise of National Socialism, the impact of the Treaty of Versailles, and the establishment of fascist ideology under Adolf Hitler.
WWII: The causes, impact, and events during the Second World War that affected the Holocaust and the Jewish people.
Jewish Culture: The rich history, traditions, and religious beliefs of Jewish communities before and during the Holocaust.
Jewish Life before the Holocaust: Including education, jobs, and daily life of Jewish communities across Europe and beyond.
Ghettos: The establishment of ghettos in Nazi-occupied Europe and the experience of Jews who were forced to live in them.
Concentration and Extermination Camps: The history, establishment, and operation of concentration and extermination camps and the experiences of inmates.
Resistance: Jewish resistance to the Holocaust, including armed and nonviolent resistance movements.
Rescue: The attempts by individuals and groups to save Jews from deportation and death.
Collaboration: The role of non-German and non-Jewish collaborators in the Holocaust.
Allied Response: The knowledge, response, and impact of Allied forces towards the Holocaust.
Nuremberg Trials: The prosecution of Nazi war criminals and its lasting impact on international law.
Holocaust Denial: The phenomenon of denying the Holocaust and its impact on education, memory, and justice.
"Some six million Jews across German-occupied Europe."
"The murders were carried out primarily through mass shootings and poison gas in extermination camps."
"Extermination camps, chiefly Auschwitz-Birkenau, Treblinka, Belzec, Sobibor, and Chełmno in occupied Poland."
"The Nazis developed their ideology based on racism and pursuit of 'living space.'"
"The regime passed anti-Jewish laws and orchestrated a nationwide pogrom in November 1938."
"Occupation authorities began to establish ghettos to segregate Jews."
"Around 1.5 to 2 million Jews were shot."
"Later in 1941 or early 1942, the highest levels of the German government decided to murder all Jews throughout Europe."
"Most were killed with poison gas."
"Many died from starvation, abuse, or exhaustion or used as test subjects in deadly medical experiments."
"Factors such as the lack of money to pay helpers and the risk of denunciation."
"The property, homes, and jobs belonging to murdered Jews were redistributed to the German occupiers and other non-Jews."
"The majority of Holocaust victims died in 1942."
"The killing continued at a lower rate until the end of the war in May 1945."
"Not all victims were Jews, with millions killed for ethnic and ideological associations."
"Many Jewish survivors emigrated outside of Europe."
"A few Holocaust perpetrators faced criminal trials."
"Billions of dollars in reparations have been paid."
"The Holocaust has become central to Western historical consciousness as a symbol of the ultimate human evil."