Biology of sex

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The physical characteristics that define male and female bodies, such as chromosomes, hormones, and genitalia.

Biological sex: The anatomy, physiology and genetics that determine whether an individual is male or female.
Hormones: Chemical messengers that regulate the development and functioning of the reproductive system.
Reproductive organs: The organs involved in the production and transport of the gametes (sperm and eggs).
Puberty: The process by which the body undergoes physiological changes that lead to sexual maturation.
Sexual differentiation: The process by which the development of the reproductive system and other sex-specific traits occur.
Gender identity: An individual's sense of themselves as male or female.
Sexual orientation: An individual's sexual preferences towards the same, opposite, or both genders.
Intersex conditions: Conditions where individuals are born with ambiguous genitalia, typically due to mixed hormonal signals.
Transgender individuals: Individuals who identify with a gender that does not correspond to their biological sex.
Gender dysphoria: A condition where an individual experiences distress due to a mismatch between their biological sex and gender identity.
Causes of variations in sexual development: Genetic, environmental, and hormonal factors that cause variations in sexual development.
Sexual selection: The process by which certain characteristics evolve due to their attractiveness or function in sexual behavior.
Evolutionary theories on sexuality: Theories that explain the evolutionary basis of sexual behavior and differences in sexual preferences.
Sociocultural factors: Social and cultural norms, expectations, and attitudes that influence gender identity and sexual behavior.
Intersectionality: The study of the interconnected nature of gender identity, sexual orientation, race, and other social identities.
"Sexual differentiation is the process of development of the sex differences between males and females from an undifferentiated zygote."
"Sex determination is often distinct from sex differentiation; sex determination is the designation for the development stage towards either male or female, while sex differentiation is the pathway towards the development of the phenotype."
"Testicular differentiation begins with the appearance of Sertoli cells in males."
"Ovarian differentiation begins with the appearance of granulosa cells in females."
"Sex differences at many levels develop, such as genes, chromosomes, gonads, hormones, anatomy, and psyche."
"Beginning with determination of sex by genetic and/or environmental factors..."
"Humans and other organisms proceed down different pathways of differentiation as they grow and develop."
"Sexual differentiation is the process of development of the sex differences between males and females from an undifferentiated zygote."
"Sex determination is often distinct from sex differentiation; sex determination is the designation for the development stage towards either male or female, while sex differentiation is the pathway towards the development of the phenotype."
"Testicular differentiation begins with the appearance of Sertoli cells in males."
"Ovarian differentiation begins with the appearance of granulosa cells in females."
"Sex differences at many levels develop, such as genes, chromosomes, gonads, hormones, anatomy, and psyche."
"Beginning with determination of sex by genetic and/or environmental factors..."
"Humans and other organisms proceed down different pathways of differentiation as they grow and develop."
"Sex differentiation is the pathway towards the development of the phenotype."
"Sex determination is often distinct from sex differentiation."
"Sex differences at many levels develop, such as genes, chromosomes, gonads, hormones, anatomy, and psyche."
"Sex differences at many levels develop, such as genes, chromosomes, gonads, hormones, anatomy, and psyche."
"Beginning with determination of sex by genetic and/or environmental factors..."
"Humans and other organisms proceed down different pathways of differentiation as they grow and develop."