- "Social inequality occurs when resources in a given society are distributed unevenly, typically through norms of allocation, that engender specific patterns along lines of socially defined categories of persons." - "The differentiation preference of access to social goods in the society is brought about by power, religion, kinship, prestige, race, ethnicity, gender, age, sexual orientation, and class."
The influence of social and economic inequality on the formation and perpetuation of unjust practices.
Race and ethnicity: The classification of people based on physical and cultural differences.
Class and status: The measurement of wealth and social position held by individuals.
Gender and sexuality: The social construction of gender norms and the impact of sexuality on social inequality.
Power and privilege: The ways in which those in positions of power maintain their control over others.
Education and employment: The role of education and employment in perpetuating social inequality.
Poverty and social welfare: The causes and consequences of poverty and the effectiveness of social welfare policies.
Health and healthcare: The access to and quality of healthcare services.
Criminal justice: The policies and practices surrounding the criminal justice system and their impact on marginalized communities.
Immigration and citizenship: The experiences of immigrants and the impact of citizenship status on access to resources.
Globalization and neoliberalism: The economic and political ideologies that impact and perpetuate social inequality on a global scale.
Economic Inequality: It is the unequal distribution of wealth, income, and economic opportunities among individuals or groups in society.
Racial Inequality: It is the unequal treatment or opportunities based on one's perceived racial identity.
Gender Inequality: It is the unequal treatment or opportunities based on one's perceived gender identity.
Educational Inequality: It is the unequal opportunities and access to quality education based on an individual's social or economic status.
Healthcare Inequality: It is the unequal access to essential healthcare services based on one's social or economic status.
Environmental Inequality: It is the unequal distribution of environmental hazards based on one's race, ethnicity, or socioeconomic status.
Political Inequality: It is the unequal access to political power and participation based on one's social or economic status.
Intergenerational Inequality: It is the perpetuation of social, economic, and political inequalities between generations.
Ability-Disability Inequality: It is the unequal treatment or opportunities based on an individual's perceived physical or mental ability.
Age Inequality: It is the unequal treatment or opportunities based on an individual's age.
Cultural Inequality: It is the unequal treatment or opportunities based on an individual's perceived cultural background or identity.
Linguistic Inequality: It is the unequal Access to resources, services, or opportunities based on an individual's language or language proficiency.
Spatial Inequality: It is the unequal distribution of resources, opportunities, or infrastructure based on geographic location.
Sexual Orientation Inequality: It is the unequal treatment or opportunities based on an individual's perceived sexual orientation.
Religious Inequality: It is the unequal treatment or opportunities based on an individual's religious beliefs or practices.
- "It poses and creates a gender gap between individuals that limits the accessibility that women have within society."
- "Power, religion, kinship, prestige, race, ethnicity, gender, age, sexual orientation, and class."
- "Social inequality is linked to economic inequality, usually described on the basis of the unequal distribution of income or wealth."
- "The social rights include labor market, the source of income, health care, and freedom of speech, education, political representation, and participation."
- "Although merit matters to some degree in many societies, research shows that the distribution of resources in societies often follows hierarchical social categorizations of persons to a degree too significant to warrant calling these societies 'meritocratic'."
- "Young was concerned that the Tripartite System of education being practised in the United Kingdom at the time he wrote the essay considered merit to be 'intelligence-plus-effort' and that it would create an educated middle-class elite at the expense of the education of the working class, inevitably resulting in injustice and eventually revolution."
- "In many cases, social inequality is linked to racial and ethnic inequality, gender inequality, and other forms of social status."
- "The most common metric for comparing social inequality in different nations is the Gini coefficient, which measures the concentration of wealth and income in a nation from 0 (evenly distributed wealth and income) to 1 (one person has all wealth and income)."
- "Two nations may have identical Gini coefficients but dramatically different economic (output) and/or quality of life, so the Gini coefficient must be contextualized for meaningful comparisons to be made."