"The Paris Agreement (French: Accord de Paris), often referred to as the Paris Accords or the Paris Climate Accords, is an international treaty on climate change. Adopted in 2015..."
An international treaty signed by nearly all countries in 2015, which aims to limit global temperature rise to below 2 degrees Celsius above pre-industrial levels.
Greenhouse gases: The gases that trap heat in the Earth's atmosphere and contribute to global warming.
Carbon footprint: The amount of greenhouse gases emitted by an individual, organization, or country.
Renewable energy: Energy generated from sources that are replenished naturally, such as solar, wind, and hydro power.
Paris Agreement: An international treaty aimed at combating climate change by reducing greenhouse gas emissions.
Nationally Determined Contributions (NDCs): Countries' self-imposed targets for reducing greenhouse gas emissions, as part of the Paris Agreement.
Adaptation: Measures taken to reduce the negative impacts of climate change, such as rising sea levels or extreme weather events.
Mitigation: Measures taken to reduce or avoid greenhouse gas emissions, such as transitioning to renewable energy or increasing energy efficiency.
Climate finance: Funding to support developing countries in their efforts to mitigate and adapt to climate change.
Climate resilience: The ability of a system (such as a community, ecosystem, or infrastructure) to withstand the impacts of climate change.
Carbon pricing: Policies that put a price on greenhouse gas emissions, such as carbon taxes or cap-and-trade systems.
Nationally Determined Contributions (NDCs): These are the individual country pledges to reduce their greenhouse gas emissions and adapt to the impacts of climate change.
Global Stocktake: This is a review process of collective progress in implementing the Paris Agreement and the effectiveness of the efforts by all Parties towards achieving the purpose of the Agreement.
Transparency Framework: This is a set of rules and guidelines for reporting and reviewing the progress of the NDCs' implementation.
Adaptation Communication: This is a requirement for countries to communicate their efforts to adapt to the impacts of climate change, including their needs for support.
Loss and Damage Mechanism: This is a mechanism to address and address the adverse impacts of climate change, including economic and non-economic losses and damage, particularly in developing countries.
Technology Mechanism: This is a framework for the implementation, promotion and enhancement of technologies and innovation for low-emission and climate-resilient development.
Capacity Building: This is a requirement for countries to enhance their institutional, technical and human capacities to implement the Paris Agreement effectively.
Financial Mechanism: This is a mechanism to enable the provision and mobilization of financial resources from developed to developing countries to support their climate action and meet their adaptation and mitigation needs.
"The agreement covers climate change mitigation, adaptation, and finance."
"The Paris Agreement was negotiated by 196 parties at the 2015 United Nations Climate Change Conference near Paris, France."
"As of February 2023, 195 members of the United Nations Framework Convention on Climate Change (UNFCCC) are parties to the agreement."
"Of the three UNFCCC member states which have not ratified the agreement, the only major emitter is Iran."
"The United States withdrew from the agreement in 2020, but rejoined in 2021."
"The Paris Agreement's long-term temperature goal is to keep the rise in mean global temperature to well below 2 °C (3.6 °F) above pre-industrial levels, and preferably limit the increase to 1.5 °C (2.7 °F)..."
"Emissions should be reduced as soon as possible and reach net zero by the middle of the 21st century."
"To stay below 1.5 °C of global warming, emissions need to be cut by roughly 50% by 2030."
"Under the agreement, each country must determine, plan, and regularly report on its contributions."
"No mechanism forces a country to set specific emissions targets, but each target should go beyond previous targets."
"In contrast to the 1997 Kyoto Protocol, the distinction between developed and developing countries is blurred, so that the latter also have to submit plans for emission reductions."
"The Paris Agreement was opened for signature on 22 April 2016 (Earth Day) at a ceremony inside the UN Headquarters in New York."
"Sufficient countries had ratified the agreement responsible for enough of the world's greenhouse gases for the agreement to enter into force on 4 November 2016."
"The agreement was lauded by world leaders..."
"...but criticized as insufficiently binding by some environmentalists and analysts."
"While current pledges under the Paris Agreement are insufficient for reaching the set temperature goals..."
"There is a mechanism of increased ambition."
"The Paris Agreement has been successfully used in climate litigation forcing countries and an oil company to strengthen climate action."
"There is debate about the effectiveness of the agreement."