The efforts to prevent the spread of nuclear weapons and technologies.
Nuclear Energy Basics: Understanding the basic concepts, principles and terminology of nuclear energy, including fission and fusion reactions, isotopes and nuclear decay.
Nuclear Weapons Proliferation: The history and current state of nuclear weapons proliferation, including the Nuclear Non-Proliferation Treaty (NPT), arms control agreements, and proliferation challenges.
Nuclear Fuel Cycle: Understanding the processes by which nuclear fuel is produced, enriched, used, recycled or disposed of, including reactor design and fuel management.
Nuclear Safeguards: Exploring the methods and technologies used to verify the non-diversion of nuclear materials and safeguard against their misuse, including inspections, monitoring and verification regimes.
Nuclear Security: Understanding the measures and strategies used to protect nuclear facilities, materials, and transports from theft, sabotage, and unauthorized access.
Radiation Protection: Learning about the health effects and risks associated with ionizing radiation exposure, and the measures taken to protect workers, public and the environment from such exposures.
Non-proliferation Regimes: Understanding the role of international organizations and regimes in promoting nuclear non-proliferation and disarmament, including the IAEA, CTBT, NPT, and other regional and bilateral agreements.
Export Controls: Exploring the legal and regulatory frameworks governing the transfer of dual-use technologies and equipment with potential nuclear applications, including the role of international controls and national regulations.
Nuclear Forensics: Learning about the methods and techniques used to identify the origin and history of nuclear materials, including attribution, analysis of isotopic signatures, and forensic investigations.
Disarmament and Arms Control: Understanding the strategies and goals of nuclear disarmament, including current initiatives and challenges to achieve a world free of nuclear weapons.
Safeguards Agreements: Safeguards agreements are international legal frameworks aimed at ensuring the peaceful use of nuclear technology by verifying that nuclear materials are used only for authorized purposes and are not diverted for weapons development.
Comprehensive Nuclear-Test-Ban Treaty (CTBT): The Comprehensive Nuclear-Test-Ban Treaty (CTBT) is an international treaty aimed at prohibiting all nuclear weapon test explosions in order to prevent the spread of nuclear weapons and promote disarmament.
Additional Protocol: The Additional Protocol is an agreement that enhances safeguards inspections and strengthens the verification measures of the International Atomic Energy Agency (IAEA) to prevent the diversion of nuclear materials and technologies for non-peaceful purposes.
Global Initiative to Combat Nuclear Terrorism: The Global Initiative to Combat Nuclear Terrorism is a collaborative international effort aimed at coordinating actions and enhancing capabilities to prevent, detect, and respond to acts of nuclear terrorism worldwide.
New Framework for Nuclear Energy Cooperation: The topic of New Framework for Nuclear Energy Cooperation refers to the development of updated guidelines and agreements to facilitate international collaboration and control in the field of nuclear energy, with a focus on promoting safe and peaceful uses while preventing the proliferation of nuclear weapons.
Nuclear Suppliers Group (NSG): The Nuclear Suppliers Group (NSG) is a multinational group consisting of supplier countries committed to controlling the export of nuclear materials and technologies to prevent their proliferation and ensure their peaceful use.
United Nations Security Council Resolutions 1540 and 1887: United Nations Security Council Resolution 1540 focuses on preventing the proliferation of nuclear, chemical, and biological weapons to non-state actors, while Resolution 1887 emphasizes disarmament, non-proliferation, and peaceful use of nuclear energy.
The Nuclear Non-Proliferation Treaty (NPT): The Nuclear Non-Proliferation Treaty (NPT) is an international agreement aimed at preventing the spread of nuclear weapons, promoting disarmament, and facilitating the peaceful use of nuclear energy.
Proliferation Security Initiative (PSI): The Proliferation Security Initiative (PSI) is a global effort aimed at preventing the illicit trafficking of weapons of mass destruction, their delivery systems, and related materials through enhanced interdiction and cooperation among nations.
Fissile Material Cut-off Treaty (FMCT): The Fissile Material Cut-off Treaty (FMCT) is an international treaty aimed at prohibiting the production of fissile material for nuclear weapons, promoting disarmament, and preventing the further spread of nuclear weapons.