"mass balance, also called a material balance, is an application of conservation of mass to the analysis of physical systems." By accounting for material entering and leaving a system, mass flows can be identified which might have been unknown, or difficult to measure without this technique."
The study of the conservation of mass and energy in chemical processes.
Stoichiometry: The study of the quantitative relationship between reactants and products in a chemical reaction.
Material and energy balances: The application of the principle of conservation of mass and energy to a system of interest, taking into account all inputs, outputs and internal transformations.
Mass and energy flow diagrams: The visualization tool used to describe the components of a system and the flow of mass and energy through it.
Properties of pure substances: The fundamental properties of a substance, such as density, specific heat, viscosity, and thermal conductivity, that are necessary to perform mass and energy balance calculations.
Ideal gas law and other equations of state: The mathematical relationships that describe the behavior of gases under different conditions of pressure, temperature, and volume.
Phase equilibrium: The conditions at which two or more phases of a substance coexist in equilibrium, and the methods to determine such conditions.
Heat transfer: The transfer of heat energy between two or more bodies, or within a body, due to a temperature gradient.
Fluid flow: The study of the behavior of fluids in motion, including laminar and turbulent flow, pressure drop, and flow rate.
Thermochemistry: The study of the relationship between heat and chemical reactions and processes.
Reaction kinetics: The study of the rate at which chemical reactions occur and the factors that influence reaction rates.
Process control and instrumentation: The methods used to monitor and control the various components of a process, such as pumps, valves, and temperature and pressure sensors.
Process design and optimization: The application of engineering principles to the design and optimization of chemical processes, with the goal of achieving efficient and economical operation.
Material balance: A material balance is the study of the inflow and outflow of materials in a chemical process. It is important to ensure that the mass of inputs is the same as the mass of outputs in the system.
Energy balance: An energy balance is the study of energy flow in a system, which includes both input and output energy. This helps one to ensure that the system is in thermodynamic equilibrium.
Heat balance: A heat balance is used to study the heat transfer that occurs during a process, and the amount of heat that is added or removed. It includes the calculation of energy transfer by convection, conduction or radiation.
Force balance: A force balance is used to study the forces that can be transferred through a system. This includes gravitational and buoyancy forces that occur within the system.
Mass transfer balance: Mass transfer balance is used to study the movement of molecules between two phases, for example, gas and liquid, liquid and solid, etc.
Energy transfer balance: Energy transfer balance relates to the energy transfer that occurs within a system via various physical processes.
Species balance: A species balance is the study of the transport of chemical compounds in a system, for example, dissolved ions in a fluid or gas.
Volume balance: A volume balance is used to study changes in volume within a system over time. It includes the calculation and analysis of the rate of flow of fluids and gases.
Enthalpy balance: An enthalpy balance is used to study the energy transfer during a process, to determine the heat required or released.
Momentum balance: A momentum balance is used to study the movement of fluid or gas within a system, and the amount and direction of its movement.
Safety balance: A safety balance is used to study the safety measures that must be put in place to protect personnel, equipment, and the environment.
Control balance: A control balance is the study of the controls that must be implemented in a system to achieve the desired operational conditions.
Dynamic balance: Dynamic balance is used to study the temporal changes in a system, and how they affect the equilibrium established in the system.
Transport balance: Transport balance describes the formation, transport, and disposal of substances in the environment. It includes the study of waste disposal, pollution, and recycling.
Population balance: A population balance is used to describe the behavior of a population of particles within a system. It helps to determine the rate of growth or decay of a population.
"mass balances are used widely in engineering and environmental analyses. For example, mass balance theory is used to design chemical reactors, to analyze alternative processes to produce chemicals, as well as to model pollution dispersion and other processes of physical systems."
"the conservation law used in the analysis of the system depends on the context of the problem, but all revolve around mass conservation, i.e., that matter cannot disappear or be created spontaneously."
"Closely related and complementary analysis techniques include the population balance, energy balance and the somewhat more complex entropy balance."
"In environmental monitoring, the term budget calculations is used to describe mass balance equations where they are used to evaluate the monitoring data (comparing input and output, etc.)."
"In biology, the dynamic energy budget theory for metabolic organization makes explicit use of mass and energy balance."
"By accounting for material entering and leaving a system, mass flows can be identified which might have been unknown, or difficult to measure without this technique."
"that matter cannot disappear or be created spontaneously."
"mass balance theory is used to design chemical reactors, to analyze alternative processes to produce chemicals, as well as to model pollution dispersion and other processes of physical systems."
"mass balance theory is used to design chemical reactors"
"to analyze alternative processes to produce chemicals"
"to model pollution dispersion and other processes of physical systems"
"the population balance, energy balance and the somewhat more complex entropy balance."
"These techniques are required for thorough design and analysis of systems such as the refrigeration cycle."
"mass balance equations where they are used to evaluate the monitoring data (comparing input and output, etc.)"
"the dynamic energy budget theory for metabolic organization makes explicit use of mass and energy balance."
"the term budget calculations is used to describe mass balance equations"
"mass flows can be identified which might have been unknown, or difficult to measure without this technique."
"mass balances are used widely in engineering and environmental analyses."
"an application of conservation of mass to the analysis of physical systems."