Public Finance

The study of the role of government and its impact on the economy, including taxation, spending, borrowing, and the effectiveness of these policies.

Government Budgeting: Deals with how governments plan and allocate resources to meet their expenditure requirements, as well as how they generate revenue to finance those expenditures.

Taxation: Covers the different types of taxes, such as income tax, sales tax, property tax, and their role in financing government operations.

Public Debt: Discusses how governments borrow money to finance their expenses and the economic impacts of excessive public debt.

Fiscal Policy: Examines the use of government expenditure and taxation measures to influence the economy's performance.

Public Goods: Deals with the provision of goods and services by the government, such as education, transportation, and healthcare.

Market Failure: Describes how government intervention is necessary to correct market failures, such as externalities, public goods, and information asymmetry.

Social Welfare: Discusses government programs that aim to assist vulnerable groups such as the elderly, unemployed, and low-income earners.

Regulatory Policy: Examines the government's role in creating and enforcing regulations to manage economic activities.

Economic Development: Covers policies and initiatives aimed at enhancing economic growth and development at the local, regional, and national levels.

Intergovernmental Relations: Analyzes relationships among various levels of government, such as Federal, State and Local Governments, and the implications for financing public programs.

Public Administration: Describes the management of government entities involved in public finance such as budgeting, accounting, and auditing.

Public Choice: Focuses on how individuals and groups influence public policies and decisions.

Macroeconomic Principles: Discusses the overall functioning of the economy, including inflation, unemployment, and Gross Domestic Product (GDP), and their relationship with public finance.

Performance Management: Covers how governments measure and evaluate the effectiveness and efficiency of their public programs and policies.

Public Financial Management: Describes the tools and techniques used for effective budget planning, budget execution, and fiscal transparency.

Taxation: Refers to the collection of revenue by the state through various forms of taxes such as income tax, sales tax, property tax or value-added tax.

Public Debt: Refers to the borrowing made by the government in order to finance its expenditures, and the repayment of these loans, along with their interest.

Public Expenditure: Refers to the various expenditures that the government has to make, such as infrastructure development, defense, subsidies, social welfare programs, and other governmental activities.

Fiscal Policy: Refers to the policy adopted by the government with regard to taxation, public spending, and borrowing, which is aimed at stabilizing the economy and promoting growth.

Public Revenue: Refers to the different sources of revenue that the government has at its disposal, which includes taxes, user charges, fees, fines, royalties, and other forms of revenue.

Public Investment: Refers to the investments made by the government in various public projects such as roads, bridges, schools, hospitals, and other infrastructure-related activities.

Public Sector Accounting: Refers to the accounting and financial management of the public sector, which includes budgeting, financial reporting, and performance evaluation.

Public Choice Theory: Refers to the study of decision-making within the public sector, which includes the behavior of politicians, bureaucrats, or any other actors involved in the decision-making process.

Intergovernmental Fiscal Relations: Refers to the relationships between different levels of government and the distribution of fiscal powers and responsibilities between them.

Public-Private Partnerships: Refers to the collaborations between the government and the private sector for the provision of public goods and services, which includes infrastructure development, energy production, health care, and other activities.

What is the primary focus of public finance?

What are the three main areas within the purview of public finance?

Who proposed a framework to assess public finance?

What are the two central motivations for government intervention?

What factors influence how governments intervene in the economy?

What type of effects do government interventions have on economic outcomes?

Why do governments choose to intervene in the economy?

How does public finance contribute to achieving desirable effects?

What are the consequences of market failure?

How does government influence the distribution of income among citizens?

What is the role of public provision in government intervention?

How does taxation impact government intervention?

What are the potential outcomes of government subsidization?

How do specific government interventions impact economic outcomes?

What are the factors considered in political economy when making public policy?

How do governments determine the appropriate timing for intervention in the economy?

What methods are used to assess the efficient allocation of resources?

How do governments address income inequality through public finance?

How does government intervention impact the stability of the economy?

How do political considerations influence government intervention in the economy?