"Financial institutions, sometimes called banking institutions, are business entities that provide services as intermediaries for different types of financial monetary transactions."
The study of the various financial institutions such as banks, insurance companies, and investment banks, and the markets they operate in.
Money and the Time Value of Money: Understanding the importance of money in the financial market and the concept of time value of money for investments.
Financial Markets: The different types of financial markets, such as stock markets, bond markets, commodity markets, etc., and how each of them functions.
Financial Institutions: The roles of various financial institutions such as banks, insurance companies, mutual funds, and investment companies.
Financial Instruments: The different types of financial instruments that are traded in the market such as stocks, bonds, options, futures, and derivatives.
Asset Pricing: The different methods of valuing assets such as dividend discount model, discounted cash flow, and capital asset pricing model (CAPM).
Risk and Return: Understanding the concept of risk and return, and the importance of diversification in investing.
Market Efficiency: The Efficient Market Hypothesis (EMH), the different forms of market efficiency, and their implications for investors.
Financial Intermediation: The role of financial intermediaries such as banks and their impact on the economy.
Regulation and Oversight: The regulatory agencies that oversee financial markets and institutions, and the role of regulations in preventing financial crises.
International Finance: The impact of globalization on financial markets and the importance of understanding international financial institutions and exchange rates.
Corporate Finance: Understanding the financial decisions of firms such as capital budgeting, capital structure, and dividend policies.
Banking and Monetary Policy: The role of the central bank in controlling the economy through monetary policy, and the importance of understanding the banking system.
Financial Crises: Understanding the causes and consequences of financial crises such as the recent global financial crisis.
Behavioral Finance: The role of psychology and human behavior in financial decision making, and the implications for investors.
Stock markets: Stock markets are where stocks are bought and sold, which represents ownership in a publicly-traded company.
Bond markets: The bond market is the market where bonds are bought and sold, which represents loans made to corporations and governments.
Money markets: The money market is where short-term, highly liquid investments are traded, including certificates of deposit, commercial paper, and treasury bills.
Derivatives markets: The derivatives market deals with contracts that derive their value from an underlying asset, such as futures, options, and swaps.
Foreign exchange markets: The foreign exchange market deals with global currencies traded by banks, corporations, and governments.
Mortgage markets: The mortgage market involves buying and selling home loans, including mortgages and mortgage-backed securities.
Insurance markets: Insurance markets involve the trading of insurance contracts, including property, health, and liability insurance.
Mutual funds: Mutual funds are a type of investment company that pools money from individual investors to purchase securities.
Hedge funds: Hedge funds are investment partnerships typically available only to high net worth individuals and institutional investors. They use complex investment strategies to attempt to earn high returns.
Pension funds: Pension funds are used by employers to provide retirement benefits for their employees. They invest in a variety of securities to earn returns to pay for future retirement benefits.
Investment banks: Investment banks provide financial advice and services to corporations and governments, including underwriting public offerings of securities and mergers and acquisitions.
Credit unions: Credit unions are non-profit financial cooperatives owned and operated by their members, which can include individuals and businesses.
Commercial banks: Commercial banks are financial institutions that accept deposits and make loans to consumers and businesses.
Private equity firms: Private equity firms invest in companies that are not publicly traded, typically with the goal of selling their investments at a profit in the future.
Venture capital firms: Venture capital firms provide funding to start-up companies with high growth potential, typically in exchange for an ownership stake in the company.
"Depository institutions, contractual institutions, and investment institutions."
"Banks, building societies, credit unions, trust companies, and mortgage loan companies."
"Insurance companies and pension funds."
"Investment banks, underwriters, and other different types of financial entities managing investments."
"Commercial banks and cooperative banks."
"Some experts see a trend toward homogenisation of financial institutions, meaning a tendency to invest in similar areas and have similar business strategies."
"A consequence of this might be fewer banks serving specific target groups, and small-scale producers may be under-served."
"To improve the regulation and monitoring of global financial institutions and strengthen such regulations."
"Depository institutions are deposit-taking institutions that accept and manage deposits and make loans."
"Insurance companies and pension funds."
"Investment institutions are primarily involved in managing investments."
"Examples of depository institutions include banks, building societies, credit unions, trust companies, and mortgage loan companies."
"Contractual institutions include insurance companies and pension funds."
"Investment institutions encompass investment banks, underwriters, and other different types of financial entities managing investments."
"Commercial banks and cooperative banks have different ownership structures."
"The purpose of Goal 10 is to improve the regulation and monitoring of global financial institutions and strengthen such regulations."
"Financial institutions are business entities that provide services as intermediaries for different types of financial monetary transactions."
"Depository institutions include banks, building societies, credit unions, trust companies, and mortgage loan companies."
"Some examples of investment institutions are investment banks, underwriters, and other different types of financial entities managing investments."