The study of earthquakes associated with volcanic activity, including eruption forecasting and monitoring.
Seismic Waves: The types of seismic waves that are produced from volcanic activity and how they propagate through different types of material.
Seismic Monitoring: Methods of monitoring volcanic activity using seismometers and other instruments.
Earthquake Catalogs: The collection and analysis of data for seismic events in a region.
Volcano-Tectonic (VT) earthquakes: Occurrence, location and analysis of these types of earthquakes.
Long Period (LP) events: Characteristics and possible mechanisms for LP activity.
Harmonic Tremor: Characteristics, explanation, and possible sources of harmonic tremor.
Rock Fracture: Study of how rocks respond to stress and how they can undergo fracture.
Magma Movement: The detection and interpretation of magma movement using seismology.
Reservoir Pressure: The relationship between seismic activity and pressure within a magma reservoir.
Eruption Precursors: The use of seismic activity to detect and forecast volcanic eruptions.
Volcano Deformation: How seismic data is used to detect changes in the shape of a volcano.
Volcano-Seismicity Relationship: Analyzing the relationship between volcanic activity and seismic signals.
Infrasound Monitoring: The use of infra-sound measurements to understand volcanic eruption dynamics.
Remote Sensing: Use of satellite and ground-based sensors to monitor active volcanoes.
Computational Modeling: Mathematical models of volcanic systems to understand the dynamics and evolution of seismology signals.
Data Analysis Software: The use of software to analyze and interpret seismic and other monitoring data.
Interpretation of Seismograms: The interpretation of seismographs and waveforms produced by volcanic activity.
Case Studies: Reviewing examples of various types of seismic activity and their impact on volcanic systems.
Emerging Technologies: New technologies and methods being developed for volcanic monitoring and forecasting.
Hazards Assessment: Use of seismic data to assess potential hazards and risk to people and infrastructure.
Volcano-tectonic earthquakes: These earthquakes occur due to the movement of magma within the volcano, which can cause fractures in the surrounding rock.
Long-period earthquakes: These earthquakes are caused by the movement of fluids within the volcano, such as magma or gas. They are generally associated with eruptions.
Harmonic Tremor: Harmonic tremors are continuous low-frequency earthquakes that are associated with volcanic activity. They are caused by the movement of magma within the volcano.
Very long period earthquakes: These earthquakes are similar to long-period earthquakes but have a much lower frequency. They are often associated with the buildup of pressure within the volcano.
Hybrid earthquakes: Hybrid earthquakes have characteristics of both volcano-tectonic and long-period earthquakes. They are often associated with the movement of magma within the volcano.
Low-frequency earthquakes: Low-frequency earthquakes are similar to long-period earthquakes, but they have a lower frequency. They are associated with the movement of fluids within the volcano.
Tremor (non-harmonic): Tremors are continuous high-frequency earthquakes that are associated with volcanic activity. They are caused by the movement of magma within the volcano.
Seismicity associated with geothermal activity: This type of seismic activity is associated with the movement of fluids within a geothermal system, such as a hydrothermal system.
Volcano acoustic noise: This type of seismic activity is caused by the sounds that volcanoes make, such as explosions, gas emissions, and rockfalls.
Tectonic earthquakes: These earthquakes are caused by tectonic activity, rather than volcanic activity. However, they can still be useful in monitoring volcanic activity.