"Petrogenesis, also known as petrogeny, is a branch of petrology dealing with the origin and formation of rocks."
Study of the origin and evolution of rocks and their relationship to tectonic processes.
Rocks and Minerals: Different types of rocks and minerals and their properties.
Igneous Processes: Formation of igneous rocks, including partial melting, fractional crystallization, assimilation, and magma mixing.
Sedimentary Processes: Formation of sedimentary rocks, including weathering, erosion, transport, deposition, compaction, and cementation.
Metamorphic Processes: Changes in rocks due to high pressure, high temperature, or chemical reactions.
Plate Tectonics: The movement of Earth's plates and their effects on petrogenesis.
Mineralogy: The study of minerals and their properties.
Geochemistry: Chemical composition and reactions of rocks and minerals.
Petrography: The study of rock textures and structures.
Volcanology: The study of volcanic eruptions and their products.
Mantle Processes: The study of the Earth's mantle and its role in petrogenesis.
Crustal Processes: The study of the Earth's crust and its role in petrogenesis.
Trace Elements: The study of trace elements in rocks and their importance in petrogenesis.
Isotope Geochemistry: The use of isotopes to study petrogenesis.
Thermodynamics: The study of energy and its transformation in petrogenesis.
Phase Equilibria: The study of the stable coexistence of different phases in rocks and minerals.
Experimental Petrology: The study of petrogenesis through laboratory experiments.
Igneous Petrogenesis: This is the study of the origin, composition, and evolution of igneous rocks.
Metamorphic Petrogenesis: This is the study of how pre-existing rocks change in response to changes in temperature, pressure, and chemical environment.
Sedimentary Petrogenesis: This is the study of the origin and evolution of sedimentary rocks, which are formed from the accumulation of sediment.
Geochemical Petrogenesis: This is the study of the chemical processes that occur in the Earth's crust and mantle, and how these processes affect the formation and composition of rocks.
Plate Tectonic Petrogenesis: This is the study of how the movement of tectonic plates affects the formation, evolution, and distribution of rocks on Earth.
Experimental Petrology: This is the study of the physical and chemical properties of rock and mineral systems using laboratory experiments.
Mantle Petrology: This is the study of the composition, structure, and behavior of the Earth's mantle, which makes up the majority of the Earth's volume.
Ore Petrology: This is the study of the origin and evolution of mineral deposits, which are formed from the concentration of valuable minerals in rocks.
Environmental Petrology: This is the study of how human activity affects the geology, mineralogy, and geochemistry of the Earth's crust.
"While the word petrogenesis is most commonly used to refer to the processes that form igneous rocks, it can also include metamorphic and sedimentary processes, including diagenesis and metamorphic reactions."
"Petrogenesis of an igneous rock comprises three successive stages: magma generation, magma differentiation, and assimilation of crust."