"A distributed system is a system whose components are located on different networked computers, which communicate and coordinate their actions by passing messages to one another."
Different models of distributed systems, such as peer to peer, client-server, and others.
Network Protocols: The protocols used to ensure communication between different components in a distributed system.
Message Queues: A tool/platform that enables asynchronous communication between components in a distributed system.
Consensus Protocols: A set of algorithms that help to maintain consistency across different nodes in a distributed system.
Cluster Management: The process of managing, monitoring, and scaling a cluster of nodes in a distributed system.
Data Replication: The process of copying data across different nodes in a distributed system to ensure availability and data consistency.
Load Balancing: The process of distributing incoming network traffic across multiple nodes in a distributed system to maintain availability.
Fault Tolerance: The ability of a system to continue operating even if one or more components fail.
Distributed File Systems: A file system that is distributed across multiple nodes in a distributed system.
Time Synchronization: The process of ensuring that clocks across different components in a distributed system are synchronized.
Distributed Databases: A database that is distributed across multiple nodes in a distributed system.
Peer-to-Peer Networks: A type of network where all nodes have equal responsibilities and can communicate and share resources with each other directly.
MapReduce: A framework for parallel processing of large datasets across a distributed system.
Eventual Consistency: A consistency model that allows for some degree of inconsistency across different nodes in a distributed system.
Microservices: Architecture that decomposes an application into small, independent, and loosely coupled services that communicate with each other via APIs.
Service Discovery: The process of discovering available services in a distributed system.
Containerization: The process of packaging applications and their dependencies into containers that can run anywhere.
Orchestration: The process of automating the deployment, scaling, and management of containers in a distributed system.
Security: The processes and techniques used to secure a distributed system, including authentication, authorization, and encryption.
Cloud Computing: A model for delivering computing resources over the internet, including storage, processing power, and applications.
Internet of Things (IoT): A network of physical devices that are connected to the internet and can communicate with each other.
Client-server model: A client-server model is a distributed system model in which a single server provides services to multiple clients that request them.
Peer-to-peer (P2P) model: In the P2P model, all nodes in a network function as both clients and servers. Each node can access resources and services from other nodes, as well as share its own resources and services.
Hybrid model: A hybrid model combines client-server and P2P models, where some nodes operate as servers while others operate as both clients and servers.
Cloud computing model: Cloud computing is a distributed model in which computing resources, such as storage and processing power, are provided over the internet by a third-party provider.
Grid computing model: Grid computing is a distributed model in which multiple independent computers work together to solve a complex problem, usually requiring a large amount of computation.
Cluster computing model: Cluster computing is a distributed model in which multiple independent computers are connected and work together as a single system to increase performance or reliability.
Mobile agent model: In a mobile agent model, software agents are sent to remote nodes to perform tasks and retrieve data. The agents can move between nodes dynamically as needed.
Message-passing model: The message-passing model is a distributed system model in which processes communicate with each other using messages sent over a network.
Service-oriented architecture (SOA) model: In an SOA model, services are loosely coupled and can be accessed over a network using standardized protocols.
Event-driven model: The event-driven model is a distributed system model in which processes respond to events, such as the receipt of a message, by triggering actions or processes.
"Distributed computing is a field of computer science that studies distributed systems."
"The components of a distributed system interact with one another in order to achieve a common goal."
"Three significant challenges of distributed systems are: maintaining concurrency of components, overcoming the lack of a global clock, and managing the independent failure of components."
"When a component of one system fails, the entire system does not fail."
"Examples of distributed systems vary from SOA-based systems to massively multiplayer online games to peer-to-peer applications."
"A computer program that runs within a distributed system is called a distributed program."
"Distributed programming is the process of writing such programs."
"There are many different types of implementations for the message passing mechanism, including pure HTTP, RPC-like connectors, and message queues."
"Distributed computing also refers to the use of distributed systems to solve computational problems."
"In distributed computing, a problem is divided into many tasks."
"Each task is solved by one or more computers, which communicate with each other via message passing."
"The components of a distributed system... communicate and coordinate their actions by passing messages to one another."
"Maintaining concurrency of components" is a significant challenge in distributed systems.
"Overcoming the lack of a global clock" is a significant challenge in distributed systems.
"Managing the independent failure of components" is a significant challenge in distributed systems.
"When a component of one system fails, the entire system does not fail."
"Examples of distributed systems vary from SOA-based systems to massively multiplayer online games to peer-to-peer applications."
"A computer program that runs within a distributed system is called a distributed program."
"Computers in distributed computing... communicate with each other via message passing."