"In media studies, mass communication, media psychology, communication theory, and sociology, media influence and the media effect are topics relating to mass media and media culture's effects on individuals' or audiences' thoughts, attitudes, and behaviors."
An examination of the relationship between mass media and society, including topics such as media ethics, media ownership, and media influence on public opinion.
Media ownership and control: This topic covers the various ownership structures of media organizations and how they can affect the content that is produced and disseminated.
Media effects: This topic explores the ways in which media can influence individuals, groups, and society as a whole, including the potential for positive and negative effects.
Media ethics: This topic covers the ethical considerations involved in media production and consumption, including issues related to privacy, accuracy, and censorship.
Media literacy: This topic focuses on developing critical thinking skills essential to understanding and evaluating media messages and their sources.
Media representations: This topic explores how media representations of individuals and groups can shape public perceptions and attitudes about social issues.
Media industries: This topic examines the commercial and economic aspects of media production, including advertising and funding models.
Social media: This topic covers the growing influence of social media platforms on public discourse, including issues such as fake news and online harassment.
News media: This topic explores the role of news media in shaping public opinion and its impact on democracy, including issues of journalistic integrity and media bias.
Global media: This topic examines the challenges and opportunities involved in producing and consuming media in a globalized world.
Media regulation: This topic covers the legal and institutional frameworks that govern media production and consumption and their impact on censorship, freedom of expression, and access to information.
Print media: This type of media includes newspapers, magazines, books, brochures, and other printed materials that are used to distribute information to the public.
Broadcast media: Includes radio and television news broadcasts and shows, which are delivered over the airwaves to a broad audience. It also includes cable and satellite TV channels.
Online media: This type of media includes websites, blogs, social media platforms, digital publications, and other digital tools used to distribute information.
Film and video: This type of media includes movies, documentaries, short films, and other video productions that are produced for theatrical release, TV broadcast or online distribution.
Advertising: This includes various media like billboards, flyers, leaflets, product placement, commercials, and various other forms of advertising that reach consumers.
Public relations: This includes various media like press releases, media relations, and outreach to journalists in order to gain positive coverage in the news media.
Music and entertainment: This includes various media like music videos, concerts, comedy shows, and other stage shows or theatrical productions that are consumed and enjoyed by audiences.
Gaming: This media is related to gaming or video games and includes a wide variety of platforms, from consoles and computer games to mobile gaming and emerging virtual reality-based gaming experiences.
Outdoor media: This includes everything from billboards to murals and other public art installations, as well as street teams marketing campaigns and other outdoor promotions.
Sports media: This includes various media like sports news channels, websites, blogs, sports games and many other events that are covered and promoted by the media.
"Through written, televised, or spoken channels, mass media reach large audiences."
"Whether a media message has an effect on any of its audience members is contingent on many factors, including audience demographics and psychological characteristics."
"These effects can be positive or negative, abrupt or gradual, short-term or long-lasting."
"Not all effects result in change; some media messages reinforce an existing belief."
"Researchers examine an audience after media exposure for changes in cognition, belief systems, and attitudes, as well as emotional, physiological and behavioral effects."
"The influences of mass media (or 'media effects') are observed in various aspects of human life, from voting behaviors to perceptions of violence, from evaluations of scientists to our understanding of others' opinions."
"The overall influence of mass media has changed drastically over the years, and will continue to do so as the media itself develops."
"In the new media environment, we have dual identities - consumers and creators. We not only obtain information through new media, but also disseminate information to wide audiences."
"Thus, it is important for physicians to discuss with parents their child's exposure to media and to provide guidance on age-appropriate use of any media, including television, radio, music, video games, and the Internet."
"Bryant and Zillmann defined media effects as 'the social, cultural, and psychological impact of communicating via the mass media'."
"Perse stated that media effects researchers study 'how to control, enhance, or mitigate the impact of the mass media on individuals and society'."
"Lang stated media effects researchers study 'what types of content, in what type of medium, affect which people, in what situations'."
"McLuhan points out in his media ecology theory that 'The medium is the message'."
"Media influence is the actual force exerted by a media message, resulting in either a change or reinforcement in audience or individual beliefs."
"Through written, televised, or spoken channels, mass media reach large audiences."
"Whether a media message has an effect on any of its audience members is contingent on many factors, including audience demographics and psychological characteristics."
"These effects can be positive or negative, abrupt or gradual, short-term or long-lasting."
"Not all effects result in change; some media messages reinforce an existing belief."
"Researchers examine an audience after media exposure for changes in cognition, belief systems, and attitudes, as well as emotional, physiological and behavioral effects."