Quote: "Nonverbal communication (NVC) is the transmission of messages or signals through a nonverbal platform such as eye contact, facial expressions, gestures, posture, use of objects and body language."
The use of body language, expressions, and gestures to convey meaning, often playing a crucial role in intercultural communication.
Body language: The use of physical movements and gestures to communicate without using words.
Facial expressions: How different expressions on the face convey different emotions and messages.
Eye contact: The use of eye movement and gaze to convey feelings or express interest.
Proxemics: The study of physical space and how it affects communication between individuals.
Haptics: The study of touch, including how it is used in communication and its cultural variations.
Paralanguage: The use of tone, pitch, volume and other vocal characteristics to communicate.
Chronemics: The study of how time is perceived and used in communication, including punctuality and the pace of speech.
Artifacts: The use of personal objects and cultural symbols to convey messages, including clothing and decorations.
Cultural differences: How nonverbal communication varies across cultures, including differences in gestures, facial expressions, and other nonverbal cues.
Gender differences: How gender affects nonverbal communication, including differences in body language, facial expressions, and tone of voice.
Communication contexts: How the context in which communication takes place affects the use of nonverbal cues.
Interpersonal relationships: How nonverbal communication is used in different types of relationships, including romantic, professional, and familial.
Deception detection: How to recognize and interpret nonverbal cues that indicate deception or dishonesty.
Emotional intelligence: The ability to recognize and interpret others' emotions through nonverbal cues, and to regulate one's own emotional responses to enhance communication.
Cross-cultural communication: How to navigate nonverbal communication differences in multicultural contexts.
Facial expressions: These are the movements and positions of the face that convey emotions, attitudes and intentions.
Body language: This includes cues such as postures, gestures, movements, and how close or far away a person stands.
Eye contact: This refers to the use or avoidance of direct eye contact in communication, which can convey interest, respect or discomfort.
Touch: This includes actions such as hugging, kissing, handshakes, and patting, which can communicate different emotions, levels of intimacy, and cultural norms.
Proxemics: This refers to the use of space in communication, such as how close or far away people stand from each other, which can convey respect, intimacy, or aggression depending on cultural context.
Vocal cues: These include tone of voice, pitch, volume, speed, and inflection, which can convey emotions, attitudes, and meaning.
Artifacts: These are objects such as clothing, jewelry, and accessories that can convey identity, cultural affiliation, and social status.
Environment: This includes the physical surroundings in which communication takes place, such as lighting, colors, smells, and sounds, which can convey different emotions and cultural values.
Time orientation: This refers to the way people perceive and manage time, which can vary widely between cultures and impact communication, relationships, and expectations.
Silence: This can convey different meanings, such as respect, disagreement, agreement, or anxiety, depending on the cultural context and situation.
Quote: "It includes the use of social cues, kinesics, distance (proxemics) and physical environments/appearance, of voice (paralanguage) and of touch (haptics)."
Quote: "A signal has three different parts to it, including the basic signal, what the signal is trying to convey, and how it is interpreted."
Quote: "These signals that are transmitted to the receiver depend highly on the knowledge and empathy that this individual has."
Quote: "The study of nonverbal communication started in 1872 with the publication of The Expression of the Emotions in Man and Animals by Charles Darwin."
Quote: "Darwin began to study nonverbal communication as he noticed the interactions between animals such as lions, tigers, dogs etc. and realized they also communicated by gestures and expressions."
Quote: "Today, scholars argue that nonverbal communication can convey more meaning than verbal communication."
Quote: "Ray Birdwhistell concludes that nonverbal communication accounts for 60–70 percent of human communication."
Quote: "Just as speech contains nonverbal elements known as paralanguage, as well as prosodic features, so written texts have nonverbal elements such as handwriting style, spatial arrangement of words, or the physical layout of a page."
Quote: "much of the study of nonverbal communication has focused on interaction between individuals, where it can be classified into three principal areas: environmental conditions where communication takes place, physical characteristics of the communicators, and behaviors of communicators during interaction."
Quote: "Nonverbal communication involves the conscious and unconscious processes of encoding and decoding."
Quote: "Encoding is defined as our ability to express emotions in a way that can be accurately interpreted by the receiver(s)."
Quote: "Decoding is called 'nonverbal sensitivity', defined as the ability to take this encoded emotion and interpret its meanings accurately to what the sender intended."
Quote: "For example, in the picture above, the encoder holds up two fingers, and the decoder may know from previous experience that this means two."
Quote: "Both of these skills can vary from person to person, with some people being better than others at one or both."
Quote: "women are found to be better decoders than men since they are more observant of nonverbal cues, as well as more likely to use them."
Quote: "Culture plays an important role in nonverbal communication, and it is one aspect that helps to influence how learning activities are organized."
Quote: "In many Indigenous American communities, for example, there is often an emphasis on nonverbal communication, which acts as a valued means by which children learn."
Quote: "Within cultures around the world there are extreme differences and similarities between a lot of nonverbal gestures or signals."
Quote: "In this sense, learning is not dependent on verbal communication; rather, it is nonverbal communication which serves as a primary means of not only organizing interpersonal interactions but also conveying cultural values, and children learn how to participate in this system from a young age."