"Epistemology is the branch of philosophy concerned with knowledge."
Deals with the theory of knowledge, including its nature and scope.
What is knowledge?: A study of the definition of knowledge and its relevance to Epistemology.
Perception: An exploration of how humans perceive the world, and how perception connects to knowledge.
Reasoning: A study of how humans reason, the different types of reasoning, and how they relate to knowledge.
Truth: An examination of the concept of truth and how it relates to knowledge.
Justification: An exploration of how knowledge is justified, and what types of justification are acceptable.
Skepticism: A study of skeptical philosophy, and how it relates to Epistemology.
Empiricism: An exploration of the theory of knowledge that asserts that knowledge comes primarily from sensory experience.
Rationalism: A study of the theory of knowledge that asserts that knowledge comes primarily from reason and intuition.
Induction: An examination of the concept of induction, and how it is used to form a belief or knowledge.
Deduction: A study of the concept of deduction, and its role in reasoning and knowledge.
Relativism: An exploration of the concept of relativism in Epistemology, and its implications for truth and knowledge.
Coherentism: A study of the theory of knowledge that asserts that knowledge is based on a network of beliefs that support each other.
Foundationalism: An examination of the theory of knowledge that asserts that knowledge is based on a foundation of basic beliefs.
Internalism: An exploration of the theory of knowledge that asserts that justification for knowledge comes from within the individual.
Externalism: A study of the theory of knowledge that asserts that justification for knowledge comes from external sources.
Gettier Problems: An examination of cases where a belief is true but is not knowledge.
Naturalized Epistemology: An exploration of the idea of naturalizing Epistemology, and how it relates to other topics in Epistemology.
Epistemic Virtue: A study of the idea that knowledge requires certain virtues or character traits.
Epistemic Luck: An examination of how luck plays a role in knowledge acquisition and justification.
Epistemic Responsibility: An exploration of the ethical and social dimensions of knowledge acquisition and justification.
Empiricism: A theory that knowledge is derived from sensory experience.
Rationalism: A theory that knowledge is derived from reason and intellect alone.
Skepticism: A theory that all knowledge is uncertain and that doubt or suspension of judgment is the only wise position to take.
Pragmatism: A theory that truth can be tested and proven by its practical application.
Realism: A theory that the external world is objectively real and independent of our thoughts and perceptions.
Idealism: A theory that only mental or spiritual things are real.
Nominalism: A theory that denies the existence of general, abstract concepts and claims that everything is particular and concrete.
Coherentism: A theory that knowledge is justified by its coherence with other knowledge, rather than by correspondence with reality.
Foundationalism: A theory that knowledge is based on certain, self-evident or indubitable beliefs or ideas.
Constructivism: A theory that knowledge is constructed or created by the mind, rather than discovered in objective reality.
"Epistemology is considered a major subfield of philosophy, along with other major subfields such as ethics, logic, and metaphysics."
"Epistemologists study the nature, origin, and scope of knowledge, epistemic justification, the rationality of belief, and various related issues."
"Debates in epistemology are generally clustered around four core areas:"
"The philosophical analysis of the nature of knowledge and the conditions required for a belief to constitute knowledge, such as truth and justification."
"Potential sources of knowledge and justified belief, such as perception, reason, memory, and testimony."
"The structure of a body of knowledge or justified belief, including whether all justified beliefs must be derived from justified foundational beliefs or whether justification requires only a coherent set of beliefs."
"Philosophical skepticism, which questions the possibility of knowledge, and related problems, such as whether skepticism poses a threat to our ordinary knowledge claims and whether it is possible to refute skeptical arguments."
"Epistemology aims to answer questions such as 'What do people know?', 'What does it mean to say that people know something?', 'What makes justified beliefs justified?', and 'How do people know that they know?'"
"Specialties in epistemology ask questions such as 'How can people create formal models about issues related to knowledge?' (in formal epistemology), 'What are the historical conditions of changes in different kinds of knowledge?' (in historical epistemology), 'What are the methods, aims, and subject matter of epistemological inquiry?' (in metaepistemology), and 'How do people know together?' (in social epistemology)." Please note that the provided quotes are not direct quotes but paraphrased excerpts from the paragraph.