Examine different geographical theories developed by ancient philosophers and scholars like Eratosthenes, Ptolemy, Strabo, Aristotle, and Hipparchus.
Cartography: The art and science of map-making.
Coordinates: The system of using latitude and longitude to plot a location on a map.
Ancient Geography: The study of geography in ancient times, which includes the knowledge of the world and the way it was perceived in ancient times.
Map projections: The method of transforming the spherical Earth into a flat map.
Geographical information system (GIS): The use of computer technology to collect, store, analyze and visualize geographical data.
Geographic Information Science (GISc): The application of GIS to study geographical phenomena.
Geospatial data: Data that refers to a specific location on the Earth's surface.
Geographical Information and Communications Technology (GeoICT): The use of ICT to store, analyze and disseminate geographical information.
Geographical Information Systems (GIS) software: Software that allows users to store and analyze geographic data.
Remote sensing: The use of sensors and satellites to collect data about the Earth's surface.
Geographical Information Science and Technology (GIS&T): A multidisciplinary field of study that involves the integration of GIS and other technologies to solve complex problems.
Historical Geography: The study of the geography of past civilizations, including their cultures and ways of life.
Geographical concepts: The concepts that are central to the study of geography, including location, place, region, movement, and human-environment interaction.
Spatial data analysis: The techniques used to analyze spatial data, including spatial analysis, spatial statistics and spatial modeling.
Urban Geography: The study of the geography of cities, including their social and economic aspects, population trends, and spatial patterns.
Environmental Geography: The study of the interaction between human activity and the natural environment.
Cultural Geography: The study of the cultural elements of geographical landscapes, including language, religion and social norms.
Political Geography: The study of the geographical factors that influence political structures and processes.
Population Geography: The study of the distribution, composition, and growth of human populations.
Geographical Information Visualization: The use of computer graphics and visualization techniques to display geographical data.
Geocentric Theory: This theory held that the Earth was the center of the universe and all other celestial bodies revolved around it.
Heliocentric Theory: This theory held that the Sun was the center of the universe and all other celestial bodies revolved around it.
Ptolemaic System: This system is based on the geocentric theory, and it identifies the positions of the planets, stars, and other celestial objects.
Mercator Projection: This is a type of map projection that is designed to preserve the shape and direction of lines of longitude and latitude.
Homolosine Projection: This is a type of map projection that is designed to minimize distortion of shapes and sizes of landmasses.
Pythagorean Theory: This theory holds that the Earth is a sphere.
Geomorphology Theory: This theory explains how the Earth's surface is formed and changed.
Plate Tectonic Theory: This theory explains how the Earth's continents and oceans move and interact with each other.
Environmental Determinism Theory: This theory holds that the physical environment shapes and determines human behavior and culture.
Possibilism Theory: This theory holds that human societies have the ability to adapt and change their environment based on their needs and preferences.