"The contact angle (symbol θC) is the angle between a liquid surface and a solid surface where they meet. It quantifies the wettability of a solid surface by a liquid via the Young equation."
The angle formed between a liquid droplet and a solid surface at the point of contact.
Surface tension: The tendency of the molecules on the surface of a liquid to be attracted to each other, forming a cohesive force that results in surface tension.
Wetting: The process by which a liquid spreads over a solid surface, involving the balance of adhesive and cohesive forces between the liquid and the solid.
Contact angle: The angle between the solid-liquid interface and the liquid-vapor interface at the point of contact, which characterizes the degree of wetting.
Surface energy: The energy required to increase the surface area of a solid or liquid, which affects wetting behavior and contact angle.
Surface roughness: The roughness of a solid surface, which can affect wetting behavior and contact angle by altering the surface area available for wetting.
Solid surface chemistry: The chemical composition of a solid surface, which affects wetting behavior and contact angle by altering the chemical interactions between the solid and liquid.
Liquid surface chemistry: The chemical composition of a liquid, which affects wetting behavior and contact angle by altering the chemical interactions between the liquid and solid.
Surface free energy: The amount of energy required to increase the surface area of a solid or liquid compared to a vacuum, which affects wetting behavior and contact angle by altering the balance of adhesive and cohesive forces.
Dynamic wetting: The process by which a liquid spreads over a solid surface over time, involving the balance of adhesive and cohesive forces as well as fluid flow.
Contact angle hysteresis: The difference between the advancing and receding contact angles, which characterizes the degree of contact angle hysteresis and affects the stability of wetting on a solid surface.
Advancing Contact Angle: It is the contact angle measured as the liquid droplet spreads on the solid surface. The advancing contact angle is larger than the receding contact angle.
Receding Contact Angle: It is the contact angle measured as the liquid droplet retracts from the solid surface. The receding contact angle is smaller than the advancing contact angle.
Hysteresis Contact Angle: It is the difference between the advancing contact angle and the receding contact angle. The hysteresis contact angle represents the energy dissipation associated with the wetting process.
Equilibrium Contact Angle: It is the contact angle at which the net force between the adhesive and cohesive forces of the liquid balances with the force of gravity. The equilibrium contact angle represents the thermodynamic stability of the system.
Dynamic Contact Angle: It is the contact angle measured during the spreading or receding of the liquid droplet on the solid surface. The dynamic contact angle provides information about the kinetics of the wetting process.
Nano-Scaled Contact Angle: It is the contact angle measured at the nanoscale using advanced surface analytical techniques such as Atomic Force Microscopy (AFM) or Scanning Electron Microscopy (SEM). The nano-scaled contact angle provides information about the surface roughness and topography of the solid surface.
Surface Tension Induced Contact Angle: It is the contact angle measured when the liquid droplet is placed on a tilted solid surface in the absence of any external force. The surface tension induced contact angle provides information about the surface energy of the solid surface.
Electrowetting Contact Angle: It is the contact angle measured when an external electric field is applied to the liquid droplet on the solid surface. The electrowetting contact angle provides information about the electrical properties of the solid surface.
Magnetic Wettability Contact Angle: It is the contact angle measured when an external magnetic field is applied to the liquid droplet on the solid surface. The magnetic wettability contact angle provides information about the magnetic properties of the solid surface.
Thermocapillary Contact Angle: It is the contact angle measured when a temperature gradient is applied to the liquid droplet on the solid surface. The thermocapillary contact angle provides information about the temperature-dependent surface wettability of the solid surface.
"The contact angle depends upon the medium above the free surface of the liquid, and the nature of the liquid and solid in contact."
"It is independent of the inclination of solid to the liquid surface."
"The equilibrium contact angle is within those values, and can be calculated from them."
"The equilibrium contact angle reflects the relative strength of the liquid, solid, and vapour molecular interaction."
"A dynamic phenomenon of contact angle hysteresis is often observed, ranging from the advancing (maximal) contact angle to the receding (minimal) contact angle."
"The equilibrium contact is within those values, and can be calculated from them."
"A given system of solid, liquid, and vapor has a unique equilibrium contact angle."
"It is the angle between the surface tangent on the liquid–vapor interface and the tangent on the solid–liquid interface at their intersection."
"It quantifies the wettability of a solid surface by a liquid via the Young equation."
"It changes with surface tension and hence with the temperature and purity of the liquid."
"The contact angle depends upon the medium above the free surface of the liquid, and the nature of the liquid and solid in contact."
"The contact angle depends upon the medium above the free surface of the liquid, and the nature of the liquid and solid in contact."
"The equilibrium contact angle reflects the relative strength of the liquid, solid, and vapor molecular interaction."
"Ranging from the advancing (maximal) contact angle to the receding (minimal) contact angle."
"The contact angle is the angle between a liquid surface and a solid surface where they meet."
"The equilibrium contact is within those values, and can be calculated from them."
"It changes with surface tension and hence with the temperature and purity of the liquid."
"It changes with surface tension and hence with the temperature and purity of the liquid."
"It quantifies the wettability of a solid surface by a liquid via the Young equation."